物理化学学报 >> 2007, Vol. 23 >> Issue (12): 1831-1838.doi: 10.1016/S1872-1508(07)60086-2

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

香豆素衍生物的荧光发射能计算及XC泛函的合理选择

王溢磊; 吴国是   

  1. 清华大学化学系, 有机光电子与分子工程教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2007-06-29 修回日期:2007-08-10 发布日期:2007-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 吴国是 E-mail:wugs@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Proper Choice of XC Functionals and Calculations of Fluorescence-Emitting Energies for Coumarin Derivatives

WANG Yi-Lei; WU Guo-Shi   

  1. Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
  • Received:2007-06-29 Revised:2007-08-10 Published:2007-11-30
  • Contact: WU Guo-Shi E-mail:wugs@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

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摘要： 采用含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT)与单激发组态相互作用(CIS)处理相结合的计算方案对香豆素系列15种已知荧光化合物的发射能进行了系统考察. 结果表明, 发射能与吸收能一样, 其计算值主要取决于交换-相关(XC)泛函的选择. 只要泛函选用得当, 在使用较小基组的TDDFT/6-31G(d)//CIS/3-21G(d)理论水平上即可使绝大部分化合物的实验发射能在精度达0.16 eV以内得以重现. 与吸收能计算不同的是, 无法选用单一的一种泛函来对全系列化合物的发射能作出满意的理论预测. 激发态无明显电荷转移的、7位上有氨(或胺)基取代或有氮原子相连的化合物, 其适用泛函为不含Hartree-Fock(HF)交换能的纯泛函OLYP和BLYP. 而激发态发生较大程度电荷转移的、3 位上有共轭取代基的衍生物, 其适用泛函则为含20%的HF交换成分的混合泛函B3LYP. 因此, 发射能计算中的XC泛函选择, 应同时考虑取代基团效应以及激发态的电子结构特征. 其中, 发射能计算值受XC泛函中HF交换能比例的影响十分敏感. 文中还对激发能计算中的溶剂效应校正方案和激发态几何优化精度的影响进行了讨论.

关键词: 荧光发射能, 含时密度泛函理论, Hartree-Fock交换能, 香豆素衍生物

Abstract: A scheme of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) combined with single-excitation configuration interaction (CIS) approach was employed to make a detailed investigation of the emitting energy for fifteen well-known coumarin derivatives. The results showed that the predicted emitting energies as well as the absorption ones were dominated mainly by the exchange-correlation (XC) functional to be used. So long as a functional is properly chosen, the experimental emitting energy of most derivatives can be accurately reproduced within 0.16 eV by a calculation at the TDDFT/6-31G(d)//CIS/3-21G(d) theoretical level. It was found that, nevertheless, the hybrid functional, B3LYP, well predicted the absorption energies for all the fifteen coumarin derivatives but none of the functionals could work equally well for the emitting energy calculations. Two pure functionals, OLYP and BLYP, yield good emitting energies for the 7-aminocoumarins or derivatives with a N atom connected to 7-position, which exhibit inconspicuous charge transfer (CT) in their excited states, whereas the B3LYP hybrid functional, with 20% Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange energy, performs significantly better than OLYP and BLYP for those 3-substituted coumarins with larger CT in excited states. Thus, in comparison with the absorption energies, the selection of proper functionals for the emitting energy calculations becomes more complex. In all probability, it is effective and doable to choose an XC-functional with alterable fraction of HF exchange energy according to the composition and structure characteristics of molecule.

Key words: Fluorescence-emitting energy, Time-dependent density functional theory, Proportion of Hartree-Fock exchange energy, Coumarin derivatives

MSC2000: 

  • O641