离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐在水溶液中的聚集行为

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110713

物理化学学报 >> 2011, Vol. 27 >> Issue (08): 1913-1918.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110713

离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐在水溶液中的聚集行为

付素珍, 陈庆德, 沈兴海

北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 放射化学与辐射化学重点学科实验室, 北京分子科学国家实验室, 北京 100871

收稿日期:2011-04-12 修回日期:2011-05-03 发布日期:2011-07-19
通讯作者: 沈兴海 E-mail:xshen@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(20871009)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目

Aggregation Behavior of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solutions

FU Su-Zhen, CHEN Qing-De, SHEN Xing-Hai

Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China

Received:2011-04-12 Revised:2011-05-03 Published:2011-07-19
Contact: SHEN Xing-Hai E-mail:xshen@pku.edu.cn
Supported by:
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20871009) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用等温滴定量热法、静态荧光猝灭法和电导法系统研究了典型离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([Cnmim][BF₄])在水溶液中的聚集行为, 获得了胶束形成的临界胶束浓度(cmc), 摩尔焓变(ΔH_mic), 摩尔吉布斯自由能变(ΔG_mic), 摩尔熵变(ΔS_mic)以及不同浓度时[Cnmim][BF₄]胶束的平均聚集数等基本参数. 发现这类离子液体的聚集为熵驱动, 阳离子的烷基链越长, ΔG_mic越负, 聚集更容易发生. 此外, 结合[C_nmim]X (X=Cl^-, Br^-)的相关研究发现, 阳离子相同时, 体积越大和疏水性越强的阴离子与头基的结合能力越强, 能有效地降低头基之间的静电排斥, 降低cmc, 利于胶束的形成. 对于[C₁₂mim][BF₄], 添加剂β-环糊精(β-CD)的加入可使cmc增大, ΔH_mic和ΔS_mic减小, 而KBF₄则可使cmc和ΔH_mic减小, ΔS_mic增大.

关键词: 离子液体, 1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐, 等温滴定量热, 荧光, 电导

Abstract:

The aggregation behavior of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Cnmim][BF₄]) ionic liquids in aqueous solutions was investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), fluorescence quenching, and conductivity methods. The critical micelle concentration (cmc), the changes of the enthalpy (ΔH_mic), the Gibbs free energy (ΔG_mic), and the entropy (ΔS_mic) for the micelle formation and the mean aggregation number of the micelles at different concentrations were obtained. We found that entropy was the principle driving force leading to the micellization of these types of ionic liquids. The increase in alkyl chain length led to a decrease in ΔG_mic, favoring the formation of micelles. Furthermore, by combining with the aqueous solution data for [C_nmim]X (X=Cl^-, Br^-), the effect of anions on the aggregation behavior of the ionic liquids was investigated. The increase in the hydrophobicity and the volume of the anions favored the formation of micelles when the ionic liquids contained identical cations. This is believed to result from the decrease in electrostatic repulsion between the head groups in the micelles because of the relatively strong binding between the anions and the cations. With respect to [C₁₂mim][BF₄], the addition of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) caused an increase in its cmc and a decrease in ΔH_mic and ΔS_mic; while the presence of KBF₄ caused a decrease in cmc and ΔH_mic, and an increase in ΔS_mic.

Key words: Ionic liquids, 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, Isothermal titration calorimetry, Fluorescence, Conductivity

MSC2000:

O645

付素珍, 陈庆德, 沈兴海. 离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐在水溶液中的聚集行为[J]. 物理化学学报, 2011, 27(08): 1913 -1918.

FU Su-Zhen, CHEN Qing-De, SHEN Xing-Hai. Aggregation Behavior of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solutions[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2011, 27(08): 1913 -1918.

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离子液体1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐在水溶液中的聚集行为

Aggregation Behavior of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solutions

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