油酸包覆纳米铝粉/黑索今复合体系的热行为及非等温分解反应动力学

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB201202151

物理化学学报 >> 2012, Vol. 28 >> Issue (04): 781-786.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201202151

油酸包覆纳米铝粉/黑索今复合体系的热行为及非等温分解反应动力学

姚二岗, 赵凤起, 高红旭, 徐司雨, 胡荣祖, 郝海霞, 安亭, 裴庆, 肖立柏

西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室, 西安 710065

收稿日期:2011-11-22 修回日期:2012-01-16 发布日期:2012-03-21
通讯作者: 赵凤起 E-mail:npecc@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21173163)和燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室基金(9140C3503141006)资助项目

Thermal Behavior and Non-Isothermal Decomposition Reaction Kinetics of Aluminum Nanopowders Coated with an Oleic Acid/Hexogen Composite System

YAO Er-Gang, ZHAO Feng-Qi, GAO Hong-Xu, XU Si-Yu, HU Rong-Zu, HAO Hai-Xia, AN Ting, PEI Qing, XIAO Li-Bai

Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, P. R. China

Received:2011-11-22 Revised:2012-01-16 Published:2012-03-21
Contact: ZHAO Feng-Qi E-mail:npecc@163.com
Supported by:
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21173163) and Science and Technology Foundation of Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, China (9140C3503141006).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在氮气气氛下, 采用油酸(OA)对纳米铝粉(nmAl)进行了表面包覆处理, 采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱对其形貌和结构进行了表征. 用差示扫描量热(DSC)对油酸包覆前后的纳米铝粉与黑索今(RDX)构成的复合体系[nmAl/RDX和(nmAl+OA)/RDX]的热分解反应动力学进行了研究, 得到了动力学参数和动力学方程. 结果表明, 大量油酸以物理吸附的方式吸附在纳米铝粉表面, 少量油酸与纳米铝粉表面铝原子发生了化学反应, 以化学键合的形式附着在纳米铝粉表面. 与nmAl/RDX 复合体系相比,(nmAl+OA)/RDX复合体系在不同升温速率下的分解峰峰温都相对降低, 分解反应的表观活化能(E_a)和指前因子(A)分别为141.18 kJ·mol^-1和10^12.57 s^-1, 分解反应机理为三维扩散, 服从n=1/2的Jander方程, 其动力学方程为dα/dt=10^13.35(1-α)^2/3[1-(1-α)^1/3]^1/2e^-16981.0/T.

关键词: 物理化学, 纳米铝粉, 油酸, 包覆, 黑索今, 非等温分解反应动力学

Abstract: Aluminum nanopowders (nmAl) coated with oleic acid (OA) were obtained under nitrogen atmosphere, and their surface morphologies and structures were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thermal decomposition reaction kinetics of composite systems, nmAl/hexogen (RDX) and (nmAl + OA)/RDX, were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Their kinetic parameters and kinetic equations were obtained. The results showed that most of the OA adsorbed on the aluminum nanopowder surface by physical adsorption. Only a small amount of OA reacted with the surface aluminum atoms and adhered to the surface via chemical bonds. Compared with the nmAl/RDX composite, the peak temperatures for the (nmAl+OA)/RDX composite at multiple heating rates were lower. The apparent activation energy (E_a) and pre-exponential factor (A) of the main decomposition reaction were 141.18 kJ·mol^-1 and 10^12.57 s^-1. The reaction mechanism fits a three-dimensional diffusion mechanism and obeys the Jander equation with n= 1/2. The kinetic equation can be expressed as: dα/dt=10^13.35(1-α)^2/3[1-(1-α)^1/3]^1/2e^-16981.0/T.

Key words: Physical chemistry, Aluminum nanopowder, Oleic acid, Coating, Hexogen, Nonisothermal decomposition reaction kinetics

MSC2000:

O643

姚二岗, 赵凤起, 高红旭, 徐司雨, 胡荣祖, 郝海霞, 安亭, 裴庆, 肖立柏. 油酸包覆纳米铝粉/黑索今复合体系的热行为及非等温分解反应动力学[J]. 物理化学学报, 2012, 28(04): 781-786.

YAO Er-Gang, ZHAO Feng-Qi, GAO Hong-Xu, XU Si-Yu, HU Rong-Zu, HAO Hai-Xia, AN Ting, PEI Qing, XIAO Li-Bai. Thermal Behavior and Non-Isothermal Decomposition Reaction Kinetics of Aluminum Nanopowders Coated with an Oleic Acid/Hexogen Composite System[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2012, 28(04): 781-786.

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油酸包覆纳米铝粉/黑索今复合体系的热行为及非等温分解反应动力学

Thermal Behavior and Non-Isothermal Decomposition Reaction Kinetics of Aluminum Nanopowders Coated with an Oleic Acid/Hexogen Composite System

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