锂金属电池用高浓度电解液体系研究进展

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB202008044

物理化学学报 >> 2021, Vol. 37 >> Issue (2): 2008044.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202008044

所属专题：金属锂负极

锂金属电池用高浓度电解液体系研究进展

吴晨, 周颖, 朱晓龙, 詹忞之, 杨汉西, 钱江锋()

湖北省化学电源材料与技术重点实验室，武汉大学化学与分子科学学院，武汉 430072

收稿日期:2020-08-16 录用日期:2020-09-10 发布日期:2020-09-16
通讯作者: 钱江锋 E-mail:jfqian@whu.edu.cn
作者简介:钱江锋，副教授，武汉大学珞珈青年学者，物理化学学报青年编委，2019年度爱思唯尔中国高被引学者(能源领域)。主要从事锂离子电池预锂化技术、金属锂负极枝晶抑制策略、以及储钠电极材料结构设计等方面研究
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21773177);中央高校基本科研基金(2042020gf0007)

Research Progress on High Concentration Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries

Chen Wu, Ying Zhou, Xiaolong Zhu, Minzhi Zhan, Hanxi Yang, Jiangfeng Qian()

Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Received:2020-08-16 Accepted:2020-09-10 Published:2020-09-16
Contact: Jiangfeng Qian E-mail:jfqian@whu.edu.cn
About author:Jiangfeng Qian, Email: jfqian@whu.edu.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773177);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China(2042020gf0007)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂金属二次电池具有极高的能量密度，是下一代储能电池的研究热点。然而，金属锂负极在传统碳酸酯电解液1 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆-EC/DEC (ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate)中充放电时，存在严重的枝晶生长和循环效率低下等问题，阻碍了其商业化应用。因此，开发与锂负极兼容的新型电解液体系是目前重要的研究任务。与传统稀溶液相比，高浓度电解液体系具有独有的物化性质和优异的界面相容性，并且能有效抑制锂枝晶生长、显著提升锂负极的循环可逆性，因而格外受到关注。本文综述了高浓度电解液及局部高浓电解液体系的最新研究进展，分析了其溶液化学结构和物化性质，对其与锂负极的界面相容性、枝晶抑制效果、效率提升能力及界面稳定性机制进行了探讨;文章着重介绍了高浓与局部高浓电解液体系在锂金属二次电池中的应用，同时从基础科学研究和应用研究两个层面对高浓电解液和局部高浓电解液存在的主要问题进行了简要分析，并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 锂金属电池, 高浓度电解液, 局部高浓电解液, 电解液溶剂化结构, 界面性质

Abstract:

Improvement in the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), based on the intercalation-extraction chemistry of graphite and transition metal layered oxides, has apparently lagged behind the advances in consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Secondary Li-metal batteries (LMBs), utilizing metallic Li as the anode material, have incomparable advantages in terms of energy density due to their high specific capacity (3860 mAh·g^-1) and low redox potential (-3.04 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode) of Li metal. Irrespective of whether Li anodes are coupled with intercalation-type cathodes (e.g. LiFePO₄, LiCoO₂, LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO₂, etc.) or conversion-type cathodes (S, O₂), the energy density of LMBs is much higher than that of traditional LIBs, which should solve the range concern of electric vehicles. However, the intrinsically high reactivity between metallic Li and organic electrolytes could induce the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI). The heterogeneous SEI, consisting of a flexible organic outer layer and a brittle inorganic inner layer, suffers from repeated rupture and regeneration due to infinite volume expansions associated with Li deposition and dissolution reactions. Meanwhile, Li is preferentially deposited on the "hot sites" and is stripped from the root of sediments, resulting in uncontrolled dendrite growth during charging and formation of electrochemically isolated Li ("dead" Li) during discharging. Thus, the Columbic efficiency of Li metal full cells is greatly limited by interfacial side effects and continuous loss of active Li, especially in conventional carbonate-based electrolyte, viz. 1 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆-EC/DEC (ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate), which impedes the large-scale employment of Li metal batteries. Recently, novel electrolytes with high or localized-high salt concentrations have attracted considerable attention because of their unique physiochemical properties and excellent electrochemical performance. In high-concentration electrolytes, the reduction in the population of free solvent molecules inhibits irreversible electrolyte decomposition at the electrode-electrolyte interface. In localized-high-concentration electrolytes, the introduction of a dilute reagent retains the desired solvation structure, while improving the physicochemical properties (conductivity and viscosity) of the electrolyte. Herein, we systemically review the latest progress in high-concentration and localized-high-concentration electrolytes for use in Li metal batteries. The solvation chemistry structure, physicochemical properties, and interfacial-stabilizing mechanisms are analyzed in detail, and special attention is devoted to their superior interfacial compatibility with Li metal anodes. Finally, we briefly clarify the current problems associated with the research of high-concentration and localized-high-concentration electrolytes from the viewpoints of basic scientific research and practical applications, and some possible solutions are provided to further pave the way to practical Li metal batteries.

Key words: Li metal battery, High concentration electrolyte, Localized high concentration electrolyte, Electrolyte solvation structure, Interfacial property

MSC2000:

O646

吴晨, 周颖, 朱晓龙, 詹忞之, 杨汉西, 钱江锋. 锂金属电池用高浓度电解液体系研究进展[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(2): 2008044.

Chen Wu, Ying Zhou, Xiaolong Zhu, Minzhi Zhan, Hanxi Yang, Jiangfeng Qian. Research Progress on High Concentration Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(2): 2008044.

图/表 9

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

图5

图6

图7

表2

参考文献 63

1	Yang Z. ; Zhang J. ; Kintner-Meyer M. C. W. ; Lu X. ; Choi D. ; Lemmon J. P. ; Liu J. Chem. Rev. 2011, 111, 3577. doi: 10.1021/cr100290v
2	Cheng X. B. ; Zhang R. ; Zhao C. Z. ; Zhang Q. Chem. Rev. 2017, 117, 10403. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00115
3	Xu W. ; Wang J. ; Ding F. ; Chen X. ; Nasybulin E. ; Zhang Y. ; Zhang J. G. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 513. doi: 10.1039/c3ee40795k
4	Zhang Y. ; Zuo T. T. ; Popovic J. ; Lim K. ; Yin Y. X. ; Maier J. ; Guo Y. G. Mater. Today 2020, 33, 56. doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2019.09.018
5	Bruce P. G. ; Freunberger S. A. ; Hardwick L. J. ; Tarascon J. M. Nat. Mater. 2012, 11, 19. doi: 10.1038/NMAT3191
6	Zhang Y. T. ; Liu Z. J. ; Wang J. W. ; Wang L. ; Peng Z. Q. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2017, 33, 486.
	张彦涛; 刘圳杰; 王佳伟; 王亮; 彭章泉. 物理化学学报, 2017, 33, 486. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201611181
7	Zhang X. ; Wang A. ; Liu X. ; Luo J. Acc. Chem. Res. 2019, 52, 3223. doi: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00437
8	Cheng X. B. ; Zhang Q. Prog. Chem. 2018, 30, 51.
	程新兵;张强. 化学进展, 2018, 30, 51. doi: 10.7536/PC170704
9	Zhang X. Q. ; Chen X. ; Cheng X. B. ; Li B. Q. ; Shen X. ; Yan C. ; Huang J. Q. ; Zhang Q. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 5301. doi: 10.1002/anie.201801513
10	Jie Y. ; Ren X. ; Cao R. ; Cai W. ; Jiao S. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020, 30, 1910777. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201910777
11	Wang C. ; Fu K. ; Kammampata S. P. ; McOwen D. W. ; Samson A. J. ; Zhang L. ; Hitz G. T. ; Nolan A. M. ; Wachsman E. D. ; Mo Y. ; et al Chem. Rev. 2020, 120, 4257. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00427
12	Jin F. ; Li J. ; Hu C. J. ; Dong H. C. ; Chen P. ; Shen Y. B. ; Chen L. W. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2019, 35, 1399.
	金锋; 李静; 胡晨吉; 董厚才; 陈鹏; 沈炎宾; 陈立桅. 物理化学学报, 2019, 35, 1399. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201904085
13	Cheng X. B. ; Zhang R. ; Zhao C. Z. ; Wei F. ; Zhang J. G. ; Zhang Q. Adv. Sci. 2016, 3, 1500213. doi: 10.1002/advs.201500213
14	Wu C. ; Guo F. ; Zhuang L. ; Ai X. ; Zhong F. ; Yang H. ; Qian J. ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5, 1644. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c00804
15	Zhang R. ; Li N. W. ; Cheng X. B. ; Yin Y. X. ; Zhang Q. ; Guo Y. G. Adv. Sci. 2017, 4, 1600445. doi: 10.1002/advs.201600445
16	Guo F. ; Wu C. ; Chen S. ; Ai X. ; Zhong F. ; Yang H. ; Qian J. ACS Mater. Lett. 2020, 2, 358. doi: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c00001
17	Li S. ; Jiang M. ; Xie Y. ; Xu H. ; Jia J. ; Li J. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, e1706375. doi: 10.1002/adma.201706375
18	Wan G. ; Guo F. ; Li H. ; Cao Y. ; Ai X. ; Qian J. ; Li Y. ; Yang H. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 593. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b14662
19	Qian J. ; Xu W. ; Bhattacharya P. ; Engelhard M. ; Henderson W. A. ; Zhang Y. ; Zhang J. G. Nano Energy 2015, 15, 135. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.04.009
20	Yamada Y. ; Wang J. ; Ko S. ; Watanabe E. ; Yamada A. Nat. Energy 2019, 4, 1. doi: 10.1038/s41560-019-0336-z
21	Chang Z. ; Wang J. ; Wu Z. ; Zhao J. ; Lu S. Prog. Chem. 2018, 30, 170.
	常增花; 王建涛; 武兆辉; 赵金玲; 卢世刚. 化学进展, 2018, 30, 170. doi: 10.7536/PC180344
22	Yu Z. ; Zhang J. ; Liu T. ; Tang B. ; Yang X. ; Zhou X. ; Cui G. Acta Chim. Sin. 2020, 78, 114. doi: 10.6023/a19100385
23	Alia J. M. ; Edwards H. G. M. ; Moore J. J. Raman. Spectrosc. 1995, 26, 715. doi: 10.1002/jrs.1250260819
24	Seo D. M. ; Boyle P. D. ; Sommer R. D. ; Daubert J. S. ; Borodin O. ; Henderson W. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2014, 118, 13601. doi: 10.1021/jp505006x
25	Cazzanelli E. ; Mustarelli P. ; Benevelli F. ; Appetecchi G. B. ; Croce F. Solid State Ionics 1996, 86–88, 379. doi: 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00154-3
26	Suo L. ; Zheng F. ; Hu Y. S. ; Chen L. Chin. Phys. B 2016, 25, 016101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/25/1/016101
27	Yamada Y. ; Furukawa K. ; Sodeyama K. ; Kikuchi K. ; Yaegashi M. ; Tateyama Y. ; Yamada A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 5039. doi: 10.1021/ja412807w
28	Ugata Y. ; Tatara R. ; Ueno K. ; Dokko K. ; Watanabe M. J. Chem. Phys. 2020, 152, 104502. doi: 10.1063/1.5145340
29	Yoshida K. ; Tsuchiya M. ; Tachikawa N. ; Dokko K. ; Watanabe M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 18384. doi: 10.1021/jp206881t
30	Suo L. ; Hu Y. S. ; Li H. ; Armand M. ; Chen L. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 1481. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2513
31	Qian J. ; Henderson W. A. ; Xu W. ; Bhattacharya P. ; Engelhard M. ; Borodin O. ; Zhang J. G. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 6362. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7362
32	Yoshida K. ; Nakamura M. ; Kazue Y. ; Tachikawa N. ; Tsuzuki S. ; Seki S. ; Dokko K. ; Watanabe M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 13121. doi: 10.1021/ja203983r
33	McOwen D. W. ; Seo D. M. ; Borodin O. ; Vatamanu J. ; Boyle P. D. ; Henderson W. A. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 416. doi: 10.1039/C3EE42351D
34	Matsumoto K. ; Inoue K. ; Nakahara K. ; Yuge R. ; Noguchi T. ; Utsugi K. J. Power Sources 2013, 231, 234. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.12.028
35	Yamada Y. ; Yamada A. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2015, 162, A2406. doi: 10.1149/2.0041514jes
36	Moon H. ; Mandai T. ; Tatara R. ; Ueno K. ; Yamazaki A. ; Yoshida K. ; Seki S. ; Dokko K. ; Watanabe M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2015, 119, 3957. doi: 10.1021/jp5128578
37	Fang Z. ; Ma Q. ; Liu P. ; Ma J. ; Hu Y. S. ; Zhou Z. ; Li H. ; Huang X. ; Chen L. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2017, 9, 4282. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b03857
38	Jiao S. ; Ren X. ; Cao R. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Liu Y. ; Hu D. ; Mei D. ; Zheng J. ; Zhao W. ; Li Q. Nat. Energy 2018, 3, 739. doi: 10.1038/s41560-018-0199-8
39	Liu B. ; Xu W. ; Yan P. ; Sun X. ; Bowden M. E. ; Read J. ; Qian J. ; Mei D. ; Wang C. ; Zhang J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 605. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201503697
40	Ren X. ; Zou L. ; Jiao S. ; Mei D. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Li Q. ; Lee H. ; Niu C. ; Adams B. D. ; Wang C. ; et al ACS Energy Lett. 2019, 4, 896. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00381
41	Fan X. ; Chen L. ; Ji X. ; Deng T. ; Hou S. ; Chen J. ; Zheng J. ; Wang F. ; Jiang J. ; Xu K. ; Wang C. Chem 2018, 4, 174. doi: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.10.017
42	Suo L. ; Xue W. ; Gobet M. ; Greenbaum S. G. ; Wang C. ; Chen Y. ; Yang W. ; Li Y. ; Li J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2018, 115, 1156. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1712895115
43	Wang W. ; Zhang J. ; Yang Q. ; Wang S. ; Wang W. ; Li B. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2020, 12, 22901. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c03952
44	Dokko K. ; Watanabe D. ; Ugata Y. ; Thomas M. L. ; Tsuzuki S. ; Shinoda W. ; Hashimoto K. ; Ueno K. ; Umebayashi Y. ; Watanabe M. J. Phys. Chem. B 2018, 122, 10736. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b09439
45	Maeyoshi Y. ; Ding D. ; Kubota M. ; Ueda H. ; Abe K. ; Kanamura K. ; Abe H. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2019, 11, 25833. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b05257
46	Togasaki N. ; Momma T. ; Osaka T. J. Power Sources 2016, 307, 98. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.123
47	Liu B. ; Xu W. ; Yan P. ; Kim S. T. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Sun X. ; Mei D. ; Cho J. ; Wang C. M. ; Zhang J. G. Adv. Energy Mater. 2017, 7, 1602605. doi: 10.1002/aenm.201602605
48	Qi X. ; Yang Y. ; Jin Q. ; Yang F. ; Xie Y. ; Sang P. ; Liu K. ; Zhao W. ; Xu X. ; Fu Y. ; et al Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 13908. doi: 10.1002/anie.202004424
49	Xiao L. ; Zeng Z. ; Liu X. ; Fang Y. ; Jiang X. ; Shao Y. ; Zhuang L. ; Ai X. ; Yang H. ; Cao Y. ; Liu J. ACS Energy Lett. 2019, 4, 483. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b02527
50	Sun H. ; Zhu G. ; Zhu Y. ; Lin M. C. ; Chen H. ; Li Y. Y. ; Hung W. H. ; Zhou B. ; Wang X. ; Bai Y. ; et al Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, e2001741. doi: 10.1002/adma.202001741
51	Dokko K. ; Tachikawa N. ; Yamauchi K. ; Tsuchiya M. ; Yamazaki A. ; Takashima E. ; Park J. W. ; Ueno K. ; Seki S. ; Serizawa N. ; Watanabe M. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2013, 160, A1304. doi: 10.1149/2.111308jes
52	Chen S. ; Zheng J. ; Mei D. ; Han K. S. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Zhao W. ; Xu W. ; Liu J. ; Zhang J. G. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, e1706102. doi: 10.1002/adma.201706102
53	Chen S. ; Zheng J. ; Yu L. ; Ren X. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Niu C. ; Lee H. ; Xu W. ; Xiao J. ; Liu J. Joule 2018, 2, 1548. doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2018.05.002
54	Zheng Y. ; Soto F. A. ; Ponce V. ; Seminario J. M. ; Cao X. ; Zhang J. ; Balbuena P. B. J. Mater. Chem. 2019, 7, 25047. doi: 10.1039/c9ta08935g
55	Ren X. ; Chen S. ; Lee H. ; Mei D. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Burton S. D. ; Zhao W. ; Zheng J. ; Li Q. ; Ding M. S. ; et al Chem 2018, 4, 1877. doi: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.05.002
56	Fan X. ; Chen L. ; Borodin O. ; Ji X. ; Chen J. ; Hou S. ; Deng T. ; Zheng J. ; Yang C. ; Liou S. C. ; et al Nat. Nanotechnol. 2018, 13, 715. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0183-2
57	Deng T. ; Fan X. ; Cao L. ; Chen J. ; Hou S. ; Ji X. ; Chen L. ; Li S. ; Zhou X. ; Hu E. ; et al Joule 2019, 3, 2550. doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2019.08.004
58	Chen L. ; Fan X. ; Hu E. ; Ji X. ; Chen J. ; Hou S. ; Deng T. ; Li J. ; Su D. ; Yang X. ; Wang C. Chem 2019, 5, 896. doi: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.02.003
59	Lin S. ; Zhao J. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2020, 12, 8316. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b21679
60	Fan X. ; Ji X. ; Chen L. ; Chen J. ; Deng T. ; Han F. ; Yue J. ; Piao N. ; Wang R. ; Zhou X. ; et al Nat. Energy 2019, 4, 882. doi: 10.1038/s41560-019-0474-3
61	Ren X. ; Zou L. ; Cao X. ; Engelhard M. H. ; Liu W. ; Burton S. D. ; Lee H. ; Niu C. ; Matthews B. E. ; Zhu Z. ; et al Joule 2019, 3, 1662. doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2019.05.006
62	Zheng J. ; Ji G. ; Fan X. ; Chen J. ; Li Q. ; Wang H. ; Yang Y. ; DeMella K. C. ; Raghavan S. R. ; Wang C. Adv. Energy Mater. 2019, 9, 1803774. doi: 10.1002/aenm.201803774
63	Yoo D. J. ; Yang S. ; Kim K. J. ; Choi J. W. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020. doi: 10.1002/anie.202003663

Classification	Electrolyte	Li metal batteries	Cycling Performance	Ref.
ether-based HCE	7 mol·L^-1 LiTFSI /DOL-DME	Li//S	74% @ 100^th	30
	4 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-DME	Li//Cu	CE = 99.2% for 1000 cycles	31
	3 mol·L^-1 LiFNFSI-DOL/DME	Li//LiFePO₄	98.5% @ 200^th	37
	2 mol·L^-1 LiDFOB + 2 mol·L^-1 LiTFSI -DME	Li//NCM333	80% @ 500^th	38
	3 mol·L^-1 LiTFSI-DME	Li//O₂	cycle life of 40^th	39
ester-based HCE	10 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-EC/DMC	Li//NCM622	86% @ 100^th	41
	7 mol·kg-1 LiFSI-FEC	Li//LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄	94.26% @ 150^th	42
	4 mol·L^-1 LiTFSI+0.5 mol·L^-1 LiDFOB-FEC/DMC	Li//LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄	88.5% @ 500^th	43
sulfone-based HCE	LiFSI-SL = 1: 2.5	Li//Cu	CE = 99.2% for 400 cycles	45
	4 mol·L^-1 LiNO₃-DMSO	Li//Cu	CE > 80% for 90 cycles	46
	LiTFSI-DMSO = 1 : 3	Li//O₂	cycle life of 90^th	47
nitrile-based HCE	LiTFSI-AN = 1 : 2	Li//Se	86% @ 200^th	48
phosphate-based HCE	LiFSI-TEP = 1 : 1.5	Li//Cu	CE > 80% for 90 cycles	49
ionic liquid-based HCE	5 mol·L^-1 LiFSI + 0.16 mol·L^-1 NaTFSI-[EMIm]FSI	Li//LiCoO₂	81% @ 1200^th	50

Dilute	Electrolyte	Li metal battery	Cycling Performance	Ref.
HFE	LiTFSI-G4/HFE(1 : 1 : 4)	Li//S	85% @ 100^th	51
	1 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆ FEC/FEMC/HFE	Li//NMC811	90% @ 400^th	56
	1 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆ FEC/FEMC/HFE	Li// LiCoPO₄	93% @ 1000^th	56
	1 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆ FEC/FEMC/HFE + 2% LiDFOB	Li//LiNiO₂	80% @ 400^th	57
	1 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆ + 0.02 mol·L^-1 LiDFOB-FEC/FDEC/HFE	Li //LiCoMnO₄	80% @ 1000^th	58
	1.2 mol·L^-1 LiPF₆ FEC/DMC/HFE + 0.15 mol·L^-1 LiDFOB	Li//LiCoO₂	84% @ 300^th	59
	1.28 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-FEC/FEMC/HFE	Li //NCA	90% @4 50^th (-20 ℃)	60
BTFE	1.2 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-DMC/BTFE	Li//NCM333	80% @ 700^th	52
	1.2 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-TEP/BTFE	Li//NCM622	97% @ 600^th	53
TTE	LiFSI-1.2 DME/3TTE	Li//NCM811	90% @ 250^th	61
	LiFSI-3TMS/3TTE	Li//NCM111	80% @ 150^th	55
OFE	1 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-95OFE/5DME	Li//S	60% @ 150^th	62
1, 2-dfBen	2 mol·L^-1 LiFSI-DMC/1, 2-dfBen	Li//NCM523	82% @ 140^th	63

[1]	朱迎迎, 王勇, 徐淼, 吴勇民, 汤卫平, 朱地, 何雨石, 马紫峰, 李林森. 追踪锂金属负极的压力与形貌变化[J]. 物理化学学报, 2023, 39(1): 2110040 -0 .
[2]	何子旭, 陈亚威, 黄凡洋, 揭育林, 李新鹏, 曹瑞国, 焦淑红. 氟代溶剂在锂金属电池中的应用[J]. 物理化学学报, 2022, 38(11): 2205005 - .
[3]	赵雨萌, 任凌霄, 王澳轩, 罗加严. 锂金属电池中的复合负极[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(2): 2008090 - .
[4]	郑国瑞, 向宇轩, 杨勇. 中子深度剖析技术研究可充锂金属负极[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(1): 2008094 - .
[5]	刘凡凡, 张志文, 叶淑芬, 姚雨, 余彦. 锂金属负极的挑战与改善策略研究进展[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(1): 2006021 - .
[6]	王木钦, 彭哲, 林欢, 李振东, 刘健, 任重民, 何海勇, 王德宇. 一种有助于稳定锂金属循环的富氟化位点框架结构[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(1): 2007016 - .
[7]	赵宗彦,田凡. CdS/FeP复合光催化材料界面结构与性质的理论研究[J]. 物理化学学报, 2016, 32(10): 2511 -2517 .
[8]	白红军, 来鲁华. 蛋白质相互作用: 界面分析, 结合自由能计算与相互作用设计[J]. 物理化学学报, 2010, 26(07): 1988 -1997 .
[9]	王占良;唐致远. 聚合物电解质界面性质交流阻抗研究[J]. 物理化学学报, 2003, 19(12): 1097 -1101 .
[10]	张大力;柯家骏;卢立柱. 有机硫代磷酸与三辛胺作用及萃取锌的反应[J]. 物理化学学报, 2001, 17(02): 189 -192 .
[11]	曹阳,陆寿蕴,李爱珍. 锑化镓的光助微刻蚀及其表面氧化物的研究[J]. 物理化学学报, 1996, 12(03): 224 -228 .

锂金属电池用高浓度电解液体系研究进展

Research Progress on High Concentration Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries

RichHTML

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 63

相关文章 11

Metrics

推荐阅读 0