缺陷工程调控石墨相氮化碳及其光催化空气净化应用进展

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB202011073

物理化学学报 >> 2021, Vol. 37 >> Issue (8): 2011073.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202011073

所属专题：二维光催化材料

缺陷工程调控石墨相氮化碳及其光催化空气净化应用进展

王薇¹^,², 黄宇¹^,*(), 王震宇¹

¹ 中国科学院地球环境研究所，气溶胶化学与物理重点实验室，黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室，西安 710061
² 中国科学院大学，北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-11-28 录用日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-12-30
通讯作者: 黄宇 E-mail:huangyu@ieecas.cn
作者简介:Yu Huang is currently a full professor at Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He obtained his Ph.D. degree in 2012 from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. His research interests include atmospheric VOCs characteristics and environmental effects, indoor air quality, air pollution control research and application
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“纳米科技重点专项”(2016YFA0203000);国家自然科学基金(51878644);国家自然科学基金(41573138);中国科学院先导专项(XDA23010300);中国科学院先导专项(XDA23010000)

Defect Engineering in Two-Dimensional Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Application to Photocatalytic Air Purification

Wei Wang¹^,², Yu Huang¹^,*(), Zhenyu Wang¹

¹ State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-11-28 Accepted:2020-12-28 Published:2020-12-30
Contact: Yu Huang E-mail:huangyu@ieecas.cn
About author:Yu Huang, Email: huangyu@ieecas.cn; Tel.: +86-29-6233-6261
Supported by:
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFA0203000);National Nature Science Foundation of China(51878644);National Nature Science Foundation of China(41573138);Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China(XDA23010300);Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China(XDA23010000)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

二维石墨相氮化碳(2D g-C₃N₄)由于其特殊的π-π共轭结构，较窄的禁带宽度(2.7 eV)以及比表面积大、结构稳定、绿色无毒、来源广泛等特点，在光催化领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。然而，传统g-C₃N₄由于其可见光吸收差、光生载流子复合快、量子效率低等固有缺点导致其光催化性能较差，限制其应用。迄今为止，研究人员已经设计并开发了异质结构建、缺陷工程和形貌调控等多种策略来改善g-C₃N₄光催化活性。其中，缺陷工程通过调节g-C₃N₄的表面电子结构和能级结构来提高其光捕获、光生载流子分离-迁移和目标分子吸附/活化能力，从而改善其光催化能力。本文综述了非外源因素诱导(碳空位、氮空位等)以及外源因素诱导缺陷(掺杂和功能化)修饰g-C₃N₄，调控其光电子及光催化性能的最新研究进展，并介绍了2D g-C₃N₄在光催化净化大气方面的应用进展。最后，对g-C₃N₄在光催化领域的后续研究进行了展望。这篇文章的主要目的是为全面、深入地理解缺陷调控g-C₃N₄光催化性能的机制提供思路，以期更好地指导g-C₃N₄光催化剂的后续研究及其工商业应用开发。

关键词: 石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄), 缺陷工程, 光催化, 实际应用

Abstract:

Since the pioneering work on polychlorinated biphenyl photodegradation by Carey in 1976, photocatalytic technology has emerged as a promising and sustainable strategy to overcome the significant challenges posed by energy crisis and environmental pollution. In photocatalysis, sunlight, which is an inexhaustible source of energy, is utilized to generate strongly active species on the surface of the photocatalyst for triggering photo-redox reactions toward the successful removal of environmental pollutants, or for water splitting. The photocatalytic performance is related to the photoabsorption, photoinduced carrier separation, and redox ability of the semiconductor employed as the photocatalyst. Apart from traditional and noble metal oxide semiconductors such as P25, bismuth-based compounds, and Pt-based compounds, 2D g-C₃N₄ is now identified to have enormous potential in photocatalysis owing to the special π-π conjugated bond in its structure. However, some inherent drawbacks of the conventional g-C₃N₄, including the insufficient visible-light absorption ability, fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and low quantum efficiency, decrease its photocatalytic activity and limit its application. To date, various strategies such as heterojunction fabrication, special morphology design, and element doping have been adopted to tune the physicochemical properties of g-C₃N₄. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of defect engineering for boosting the light harvesting, charge separation, and adsorption efficiency of g-C₃N₄ by tailoring the local surface microstructure, electronic structure, and carrier concentration. In this review, we summarize cutting-edge achievements related to g-C₃N₄ modified with classified non-external-caused defects (carbon vacancies, nitrogen vacancies, etc.) and external-caused defects (doping and functionalization) for optimizing the photocatalytic performance in water splitting, removal of contaminants in the gas phase and wastewater, nitrogen fixation, etc. The distinctive roles of various defects in the g-C₃N₄ skeleton in the photocatalytic process are also summarized. Moreover, the practical application of 2D g-C₃N₄ in air pollution control is highlighted. Finally, the ongoing challenges and perspectives of defective g-C₃N₄ are presented. The overarching aim of this article is to provide a useful scaffold for future research and application studies on defect-modulated g-C₃N₄.

Key words: Graphitic carbon nitride, Defect engineering, Photocatalysis, Practical application

MSC2000:

O643

王薇, 黄宇, 王震宇. 缺陷工程调控石墨相氮化碳及其光催化空气净化应用进展[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(8): 2011073.

Wei Wang, Yu Huang, Zhenyu Wang. Defect Engineering in Two-Dimensional Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Application to Photocatalytic Air Purification[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(8): 2011073.

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缺陷工程调控石墨相氮化碳及其光催化空气净化应用进展

Defect Engineering in Two-Dimensional Graphitic Carbon Nitride and Application to Photocatalytic Air Purification

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