物理化学学报 >> 1985, Vol. 1 >> Issue (04): 308-317.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB19850403

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

单原子离子溶剂化的研究
Ⅰ. 偏摩尔体积与溶剂化数

张有民; 赵新生   

  1. 北京大学化学系
  • 收稿日期:1984-10-20 修回日期:1984-12-14 发布日期:1985-08-15

STUDY OF SOLVATION OF MONATOMIC IONS
Ⅰ. PARTIAL MOLAL VOLUME AND SOLVATION NUMBER

Zhang Youmin; Zhao Xinsheng   

  1. Chemistry Department, Peking University, Beijing
  • Received:1984-10-20 Revised:1984-12-14 Published:1985-08-15

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摘要： 本文用比重法测定了25 ℃一些盐在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和碳酸丙烯酯中的偏摩尔体积。在统计热力学理论推导的基础上, 提出了一种将盐的偏摩尔体积划分为离子的偏摩尔体积的方法。运用单层结构模型, 得到了从离子偏摩尔体积求离子溶剂化数的公式。讨论了各种类型离子的溶剂化数的某些现象和规律。

Abstract: Sprengel pycnometers were used for density measurements. The volume of the pycnometers is about 25 ml. The precision of density data is within ±0.015 kgm~(-3). All measurements have been performed at 25.000±0.001 ℃. Partial molal volumes of salts in H_2O、 DMF and PC at 25 ℃ have been reported (Table 1).
A method to get ionic partial molal volumes from salt data based on thermodynamic and statistical approximation has been given. Ionic partial molal volumes in H_2O、DMF and PC have been obtained (Table 3). According to one layer structure model, a formula of solvation number related to partial molal volume is reported:
m_i=m_α+m_β
...