物理化学学报 >> 1996, Vol. 12 >> Issue (02): 146-151.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB19960211

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拟静态法测定混合溶剂的汽化热和汽化熵

倪良,卢洁   

  1. 江苏镇江师专化学系，镇江 212003
  • 收稿日期:1995-05-10 修回日期:1995-10-09 发布日期:1996-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 倪良

Quasi-static Method for the Determination of the Heat and Entropy of Vaporization of the Solvent Mixture

Ni Liang,Lu Jie   

  1. Department of Chemistry,Zhenjiang Teachers' College,Zhenjiang 212003
  • Received:1995-05-10 Revised:1995-10-09 Published:1996-02-15
  • Contact: Ni Liang

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摘要：

讨论了沸点升高法测定混和溶剂汽化热和汽化熵的原理，并用拟静态法测定了乙醇－丙酮，苯－四氯化碳和苯－甲苯三组混和溶剂在不同组成下的正常沸点，根据沸点数据求得了混和溶剂的微分汽化热和汽化熵．实验结果表明，二元混和溶剂与理想溶液偏离不大时，其正常汽化熵符合Trouton规则．

关键词: 混合溶剂, 沸点升高, 拟静态法, 微分汽化热

Abstract:

The principles of the method of boiling point elevation with which the heat and entropy of vaporization of solvent mixture are determined are discussed in detail. Quasistatic method is used to determine the normal boiling points for different concentrations of binary systems of ethanol-acetone, benzene-carbon tetrachloride and benzene-toluene. According to the data of boiling point, the differential heats and the entropies of vaporization are calculated. The obtained results show that when the deviations of the binary solvent mixture conforms to Trouton’s rule.

Key words: The solvent mixture, Boiling point elevation, Quasi-static method, The differential heat of vaporization