物理化学学报 >> 2010, Vol. 26 >> Issue (04): 805-810.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20100407

热力学、热化学和溶液化学 上一篇    下一篇

β-环糊精调控水溶液中Cu2+的辐射还原

杨士国, 陈庆德, 施建峰, 沈兴海   

  1. 北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 放射化学与辐射化学重点学科实验室, 北京分子科学国家实验室, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2009-10-13 修回日期:2009-11-25 发布日期:2010-04-02
  • 通讯作者: 沈兴海 E-mail:xshen@pku.edu.cn

Controllable Radiolytic Reduction of Cu2+ in Aqueous Solution by β-Cyclodextrin

YANG Shi-Guo, CHEN Qing-De, SHI Jian-Feng, SHEN Xing-Hai   

  1. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
  • Received:2009-10-13 Revised:2009-11-25 Published:2010-04-02
  • Contact: SHEN Xing-Hai E-mail:xshen@pku.edu.cn

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摘要：

在β-环糊精(β-CD)水溶液的安全吸收剂量范围内, 利用β-CD来调控Cu2+的辐射还原. 随着β-CD的加入, 硝酸铜的辐射还原产物从Cu2O 逐渐转变为Cu. 当β-CD浓度增大至8.0 mmol·L-1时, 辐射还原产物主要为Cu纳米粒子. 在辐照过程中, Cu2+的还原没有经历Cu2O的中间过程. 这是由于β-CD对·OH的清除减少了·OH与水化电子(e-aq)的反应, 增大了e-aq的产额, 从而有利于Cu的生成. 另外, β-CD通过羟基在Cu纳米粒子表面的吸附可增强Cu纳米粒子在水溶液中的稳定性. 用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和选区电子衍射(SAED)对Cu2+辐射还原产物进行了表征.

关键词: 辐射还原, 纳米粒子, 环糊精, 铜, 氧化亚铜

Abstract:

We used β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to control the radiolytic reduction of Cu2+ in aqueous solution at a safe absorbed dose. With an increase in the concentration of β-CD, the reduction product of Cu(NO3)2 gradually changed from cuprous oxide to copper. At a β-CD concentration of 8.0 mmol·L-1, the main reduction product was composed of pure copper nanoparticles. Meanwhile, no cuprous oxide was generated during the course of irradiation. This is attributed to the regularity that β-CD is able to scavenge·OH, which suppresses the reaction between hydrated electrons (e-aq) and·OH, and increases the yield of e-aq. This favors the generation of copper. The adsorption of β-CDs on the surface of copper nanoparticles via hydroxyl groups promotes the stability of copper nanoparticles in the aqueous solution. The reduction products were characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED).

Key words: Radiolytic reduction, Nanoparticle, Cyclodextrin, Copper, Cuprous oxide

MSC2000: 

  • O645