SnO2/TiO2纳米管复合光催化剂的性能及失活再生

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB201404222

Abstract

Abstract:

SnO₂/TiO₂ nanotube composite photocatalysts were synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal and micro-emulsion methods. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM/EDX), and electrochemical techniques. Toluene was chosen as a model pollutant to evaluate the performance, deactivation, and regeneration behavior of the photocatalysts under ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation. The results show that ternary heterojunctions of SnO₂/TiO₂ nanotube composite photocatalysts including anatase TiO₂ (A-TiO₂)/rutile TiO₂ (R-TiO₂), A-TiO₂/SnO₂, and R-TiO₂/SnO₂ were successfully created. They were able to separate photogenerated electron-hole pairs efficiently, and promote photocatalytic activity accordingly. SnO₂/TiO₂ showed the best photocatalytic performance. Under UV or VUV irradiation, the toluene degradation rate of SnO₂/TiO₂ was 100%, and the CO₂ formation rate (k₂) of SnO₂/TiO₂ was approximately 3 times higher than that of P25. Because of the low mineralization rate under UV irradiation, the refractory intermediates generated can occupy active photocatalytic sites on the photocatalyst surface, which hinders the photocatalytic oxidation rate. After 20 h of UV irradiation, the k₂ of SnO₂/TiO₂ decreased from 138.5 to 76.1 mg·m^-3·h^-1, implying that the photocatalysts can be deactivated quickly. VUV irradiation was employed to regenerate the deactivated SnO₂/SnO₂/TiO₂ nanotube composite photocatalysts were synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal and micro-emulsion methods. The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM/EDX), and electrochemical techniques. Toluene was chosen as a model pollutant to evaluate the performance, deactivation, and regeneration behavior of the photocatalysts under ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation. The results show that ternary heterojunctions of SnO₂/TiO₂ nanotube composite photocatalysts including anatase TiO₂ (A-TiO₂)/rutile TiO₂ (R-TiO₂), A-TiO₂/SnO₂, and R-TiO₂/SnO₂ were successfully created. They were able to separate photogenerated electron-hole pairs efficiently, and promote photocatalytic activity accordingly. SnO₂/TiO₂ showed the best photocatalytic performance. Under UV or VUV irradiation, the toluene degradation rate of SnO₂/TiO₂ was 100%, and the CO₂ formation rate (k₂) of SnO₂/TiO₂ was approximately 3 times higher than that of P25. Because of the low mineralization rate under UV irradiation, the refractory intermediates generated can occupy active photocatalytic sites on the photocatalyst surface, which hinders the photocatalytic oxidation rate. After 20 h of UV irradiation, the k₂ of SnO₂/TiO₂ decreased from 138.5 to 76.1 mg·m^-3·h^-1, implying that the photocatalysts can be deactivated quickly. VUV irradiation was employed to regenerate the deactivated SnO₂/TiO₂ because reactive species such as ·OH, O₂^-·, O(¹D), O(³P), and O₃ can be generated. These play an important role in the oxidation of refractory intermediates on the photocatalyst surface, and k₂ increased to 143.6 mg·m^-3·h^-1 accordingly. Therefore, UV photodegradation combined with VUV regeneration could be a feasible photocatalytic process because of a synergistic effect between UV and VUV.

Key words: Heterojunction, Vacuum ultraviolet, Toluene, Electron-hole pair, Photocatalytic activity

MSC2000:

O643

ZHAO Wei-Rong, SHI Qiao-Meng, LIU Ying. Performance, Deactivation and Regeneration of SnO₂/TiO₂ Nanotube Composite Photocatalysts[J].Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2014, 30(7): 1318-1324.

References

(1) Wang, C. H.; Shao, C. L.; Zhang, X. T.; Liu, Y. C. Inorg. Chem. 2009, 48, 7261. doi: 10.1021/ic9005983
(2) Chang, S. Y.; Chen, S. F.; Huang, Y. C. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 1600. doi: 10.1021/jp109103a
(3) Zhou, X. F.; Cao, J. L.; Xu, M. F.;Wang, Z. S.; Lu, J. Mater. Res. Bull. 2013, 48, 4942. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull. 2013.07.031
(4) Wu, L.; Xing, J.; Hou, Y.; Xiao, F. Y.; Li, Z.; Yang, H. G. Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 8688. doi: 10.1002/chem.201390096
(5) Smith,W.;Wolcott, A.; Fitzmorris, R. C.; Zhang, J. Z.; Zhao, Y. P. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 10792. doi: 10.1039/c1jm11629k
(6) Su, C. Y.; Shao, C. L.; Liu, Y. C. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010, 346, 324. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.02.027
(7) Wu, Z. Y.; Zhao, G. H.; Zhang, Y. N.; Tian, H. Y.; Li, D. M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 12829. doi: 10.1021/jp300374s
(8) Chaguetmi, S.; Mammeri, F.; Nowak, S.; Decorse, P.; Lecoq, H.; Gaceur, M.; Naceur, J. B.; Achour, S.; Chtourou, R.; Ammar, S. RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 2572. doi: 10.1039/c2ra21684a
(9) Jovi, F.; Tomaši, V.; Davidson, A.; Nogier, J. P.; Li,W.; Kosar, V. Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 2013, 27, 37.
(10) Mo, J. H.; Zhang, Y. P.; Xu, Q. J.; Lamson, J. J.; Zhao, R. Y. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43, 2229. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.01.034
(11) Jeong, J. Y.; Sekiguchi, K.; Sakamoto, K. Chemosphere 2004, 57, 663. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.037
(12) Huang, H. B.; Leung, D. Y. C.; Li, G. S.; Leung, M. K. H.; Fu, X. L. Catal. Today 2011, 175, 310. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.04.015
(13) Zhao,W. R.; Yang, Y. N.; Dai, J. S.; Liu, F. F.;Wang, Y. Chemosphere 2013, 91, 1002. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.086
(14) Chen, S. H.; Xu, Y.; Lu, B. L.;Wu, D. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2011, 27, 2933. [陈淑海, 徐耀, 吕宝亮, 吴东. 物理化学学报, 2011, 27, 2933.]
(15) Ou, H. H.; Lo, S. L.; Liao, C. H. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 4000. doi: 10.1021/jp1076005
(16) Zhang, H.; Li, G. R.; An, L. P.; Yan, T. Y.; Gao, X. P.; Zhu, H. Y. J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 6143. doi:10.1021/jp0702595
(17) Zhao,W. R.;Wang, Y.; Yang, Y. N.; Tang, J.; Yang, Y. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2012, 115, 90.
(18) Dong, L. F.; Gari, R. R. S.; Li, Z.; Craig, M. M.; Hou, S. F. Carbon 2010, 48, 781. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2009.10.027
(19) Tang, Z. R.; Li, F.; Zhang, Y. H.; Fu, X. Z.; Xu, Y. J. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 7880. doi: 10.1021/jp1115838
(20) Debono, O.; Thevenet, F.; Gravejat, P.; Hequet, V.; Raillard, C.; Lecoq, L. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2011, 106, 600. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.06.021
(21) Jankulovska, M.; Berger, T.; Lana-Villarreal, T.; Gómez, R. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 62, 172. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.12.016
(22) Komaguchi, K.; Nakano, H.; Araki, A.; Harima, Y. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2006, 428, 338. doi: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.07.003
(23) Xing, M. Y.; Zhang, J. L.; Chen, F.; Tian, B. Z. Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 4947. doi: 10.1039/c1cc10537j
(24) Zhao, L.; Ran, J. R.; Shu, Z.; Dai, G. T.; Zhai, P. C.;Wang, S. M. Int. J. Photoenergy 2012, 2012, 1. doi: 10.1155/2012/472958
(25) Huang, H. B.; Li,W. B. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 2011, 102, 449. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.12.025
(26) Zhao,W. R.; Dai, J. S.; Liu, F. F.; Bao, J. Z.;Wang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Yang, Y. N.; Zhao, D. Y. Sci. Total Environ. 2012, 438, 201. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.081

[1]	Zihui Mei, Guohong Wang, Suding Yan, Juan Wang. Rapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 2D/1D ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂ S-Scheme Heterojunction for Catalyzing Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2009097-0.
[2]	Xingang Fei, Haiyan Tan, Bei Cheng, Bicheng Zhu, Liuyang Zhang. 2D/2D Black Phosphorus/g-C₃N₄ S-Scheme Heterojunction Photocatalysts for CO₂ Reduction Investigated using DFT Calculations [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2010027-0.
[3]	Xibao Li, Jiyou Liu, Juntong Huang, Chaozheng He, Zhijun Feng, Zhi Chen, Liying Wan, Fang Deng. All Organic S-Scheme Heterojunction PDI-Ala/S-C₃N₄ Photocatalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2010030-0.
[4]	Dong Liu, Shengtao Chen, Renjie Li, Tianyou Peng. Review of Z-Scheme Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Energy Conversion [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2010017-0.
[5]	Yang Liu, Xuqiang Hao, Haiqiang Hu, Zhiliang Jin. High Efficiency Electron Transfer Realized over NiS₂/MoSe₂ S-Scheme Heterojunction in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2008030-0.
[6]	Yunfeng Li, Min Zhang, Liang Zhou, Sijia Yang, Zhansheng Wu, Ma Yuhua. Recent Advances in Surface-Modified g-C₃N₄-Based Photocatalysts for H₂ Production and CO₂ Reduction [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2009030-0.
[7]	Rongan He, Rong Chen, Jinhua Luo, Shiying Zhang, Difa Xu. Fabrication of Graphene Quantum Dots Modified BiOI/PAN Flexible Fiber with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2011022-0.
[8]	Zhimin Jiang, Qing Chen, Qiaoqing Zheng, Rongchen Shen, Peng Zhang, Xin Li. Constructing 1D/2D Schottky-Based Heterojunctions between Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S Nanorods and Ti₃C₂ Nanosheets for Boosted Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2021, 37(6): 2010059-0.
[9]	Yimeng Wang, Shenping Zhang, Yu Ge, Chenhui Wang, Jun Hu, Honglai Liu. Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Bimetallic Oxide/Carbon Photocatalyst [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2020, 36(8): 1905083-0.
[10]	Xiaoxiao Lai, Jie Feng, Xiaoying Zhou, Zhongyan Hou, Tao Lin, Yaoqiang Chen. Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene Over Potassium Modified Mn/Ce_0.65Zr_0.35O₂ Catalyst [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2020, 36(8): 1905047-0.
[11]	Yu Guiyun,Hu Fengxian,Cheng Weiwei,Han Zitong,Liu Chao,Dai Yong. ZnCuAl-LDH/Bi₂MoO₆ Nanocomposites with Improved Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2020, 36(7): 1911016-0.
[12]	Ruijie Chen,Di Li,Zhenyuan Fang,Yuanyong Huang,Bifu Luo,Weidong Shi. Controlling Self-Assembly of 3D In₂O₃ Nanostructures for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2020, 36(3): 1903047-0.
[13]	Dan Cao,Hua An,Xiaoqing Yan,Yuxin Zhao,Guidong Yang,Hui Mei. Fabrication of Z-Scheme Heterojunction of SiC/Pt/Cds Nanorod for Efficient Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution [J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2020, 36(3): 1901051-0.
[14]	Zhiming LIU, Guoliang LIU, Xinlin HONG. Influence of Surface Defects and Palladium Deposition on the Activity of CdS Nanocrystals for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2019, 35(2): 215-222.
[15]	Xueting LIN,Mingli FU,Hui HE,Junliang WU,Limin CHEN,Daiqi YE,Yun HU,Yifan WANG,William WEN. Synthesis of MnO_x-CeO₂ Using Metal-Organic Framework as Sacrificial Template and Its Performance in the Toluene Catalytic Oxidation Reaction [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2018, 34(6): 719-730.

Performance, Deactivation and Regeneration of SnO₂/TiO₂ Nanotube Composite Photocatalysts

PDF

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

Performance, Deactivation and Regeneration of SnO2/TiO2 Nanotube Composite Photocatalysts

PDF

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

Performance, Deactivation and Regeneration of SnO₂/TiO₂ Nanotube Composite Photocatalysts