Abstract: Nanostructured LiV₃O₈ powder was synthesized by a low-temperature solid-state method. Scanning election microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that the as-prepared material is composed of nanostructured particles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that the as-prepared material has a monoclinic structure with a space group of P2₁/m. The electrochemical properties of the LiV₃O₈ electrodes in 1 mol·L^-1 Li₂SO₄, 2 mol·L^-1 Li₂SO₄, and saturated Li₂SO₄ aqueous electrolytes were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in this work. The results show that the LiV₃O₈ electrode in the saturated Li₂SO₄ electrolyte has the best electrochemical properties. An aqueous rechargeable lithium battery (ARLB) containing a LiV₃O₈ anode, a LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ cathode, and a saturated Li₂SO₄ electrolyte was fabricated. The battery delivered an initial capacity of 95.2 mAh·g^-1 and retained a capacity of 37.0 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles at a charge-discharge rate of 0.5C (1C=300 mA·g^-1).

Key words: Aqueous rechargeable lithium battery, LiV₃O₈, Li₂SO₄ aqueous solution, Aqueous electrolyte, Electrochemical property