基于离子尺寸与孔径关系的不对称电容行为

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110205

物理化学学报 >> 2011, Vol. 27 >> Issue (02): 449-454.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110205

基于离子尺寸与孔径关系的不对称电容行为

孙刚伟, 宋文华, 刘小军, 乔文明, 凌立成

华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室, 上海 200237

收稿日期:2010-10-15 修回日期:2010-11-19 发布日期:2011-01-25
通讯作者: 凌立成 E-mail:lchling@ecust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(50730003)资助

Asymmetric Capacitance Behavior Based on the Relationship between Ion Dimension and Pore Size

SUN Gang-Wei, SONG Wen-Hua, LIU Xiao-Jun, QIAO Wen-Ming, LING Li-Cheng

State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China

Received:2010-10-15 Revised:2010-11-19 Published:2011-01-25
Contact: LING Li-Cheng E-mail:lchling@ecust.edu.cn
Supported by:
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50730003).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用具有不同孔径分布的活性炭作为电极材料, 研究了离子尺寸与孔结构对电容性能的影响. 结果表明, 正负极表现出不对称的电容行为, 正负极的质量比电容分别为113和7 F·g^-1. 在负极电位区间，循环伏安曲线的响应电流明显减小. 材料表面最大电荷存储量的理论计算与实验结果有着很好的一致性, 这些结果表明用于阳离子电荷存储的电极孔隙空间不够发达, 导致电容器在充电过程中负极材料表面达到电荷饱和状态，进而表现出较差的电容行为. 然而, 四氟硼酸根阴离子可以进入到正极电极材料大多数孔道中, 电极未发生电荷饱和效应, 表现出优异的电容行为. 负极较低的比电容将会影响电容器的整体性能. 因此, 正负极应当根据离子尺寸与电极材料孔结构的构效关系进行匹配, 以使电容器的比电容最大化.

关键词: 电化学电容器, 有机电解液, 不对称电容行为, 孔径分布, 离子尺寸

Abstract:

We reported on the capacitive behaviors regarding to the relationship between ion size and pore architecture, using activated carbons with an adjusted pore structure as electrode materials. The results revealed that an asymmetric capacitance response occurred in both electrodes. The gravimetric capacitances for the positive and negative electrodes were 113 and 7 F·g^-1, respectively. A significant current decay was presented in the negative region of cyclic voltammetry curve. Experimental and calculated maximum storage charges had a good agreement. This results suggested that the insufficiently developed pore architecture for cation accommodation led to a saturation effect on the active surface, consequently, a deteriorated capacitive performance in the negative electrode. Contrarily, when pore size was larger than tetrafluoroborate dimension, the saturation effect was not found. However, this was at the expense of the lower specific area capacitance in the positive electrode. The poor capacitive behavior of the negative electrode would limit the usable voltage of the cell system and consequently the deliverable energy and power. As a result, an optimal match between the pores size and the ion dimension with respect to each electrode would be considered to obtain the maximum capacitance for the capacitor unit.

Key words: Electrochemical capacitor, Organic electrolyte, Asymmetric capacitance behavior, Pore size distribution, Ion dimension

孙刚伟, 宋文华, 刘小军, 乔文明, 凌立成. 基于离子尺寸与孔径关系的不对称电容行为[J]. 物理化学学报, 2011, 27(02), 449-454. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110205

SUN Gang-Wei, SONG Wen-Hua, LIU Xiao-Jun, QIAO Wen-Ming, LING Li-Cheng. Asymmetric Capacitance Behavior Based on the Relationship between Ion Dimension and Pore Size[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2011, 27(02), 449-454. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110205

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110205

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2011/V27/I02/449

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基于离子尺寸与孔径关系的不对称电容行为

Asymmetric Capacitance Behavior Based on the Relationship between Ion Dimension and Pore Size

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