隔膜对双电层电容器和混合型电池-超级电容器的电化学性能的影响

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB201401131

物理化学学报 >> 2014, Vol. 30 >> Issue (3): 485-491.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201401131

隔膜对双电层电容器和混合型电池-超级电容器的电化学性能的影响

孙现众, 张熊, 黄博, 马衍伟

中国科学院电工研究所应用超导重点实验室, 北京 100190

收稿日期:2013-10-21 修回日期:2014-01-11 发布日期:2014-02-27
通讯作者: 马衍伟 E-mail:ywma@mail.iee.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51025726，51307167)资助项目

Effects of Separator on the Electrochemical Performance of Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor and Hybrid Battery-Supercapacitor

SUN Xian-Zhong, ZHANG Xiong, HUANG Bo, MA Yan-Wei

Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China

Received:2013-10-21 Revised:2014-01-11 Published:2014-02-27
Contact: MA Yan-Wei E-mail:ywma@mail.iee.ac.cn
Supported by:
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51025726, 51307167).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

隔膜是双电层电容器和混合型电池-超级电容器等电化学储能器件的重要组成元件. 本文采用1 mol·L^-1四乙基四氟硼酸铵的丙烯碳酸酯电解液制备了基于活性炭的扣式双电层电容器，并采用1 mol·L^-1六氟磷酸锂锂离子电解液制备了(LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂+活性炭)/石墨体系的混合型电池-超级电容器. 研究了不同类型隔膜的物理化学性能，以及其对双电层电容器和混合型电池-超级电容器的电化学性能的影响. 四种隔膜分别是无纺布聚丙烯毡、多孔聚丙烯薄膜、Al₂O₃涂层的聚丙烯薄膜和纤维素纸隔膜. 进行了表面形貌、差示扫描量热、电解液吸液量和表观接触角测试表征. 电化学测试表明，采用纤维素隔膜的双电层电容器具有最高的比电容和更优的倍率性能，电容器的自放电性能差别不大. 而对于混合型电池-超级电容器，采用聚丙烯薄膜和无纺布聚丙烯毡隔膜器件的比容量比其它器件约高20%，且采用纤维素隔膜的器件自放电率最高.

关键词: 双电层电容器, 混合型电池-超级电容器, 吸液量, 表观接触角, 自放电

Abstract:

Separators are important components in electrochemical energy storage devices such as electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) and hybrid battery-supercapacitors. We prepared activated carbon-based EDLCs using an electrolyte of 1 mol ·L^-1 tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate (Et₄NBF₄) in propylene carbonate (PC), and (LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂+activated carbon)/graphite hybrid battery-supercapacitors using a 1 mol·L^-1 lithium hexafluorophate (LiPF₆) Li-ion electrolyte. The physicochemical properties and effect of various separators on the electrochemical properties of the EDLC and hybrid battery-supercapacitor were studied. The four separators were nonwoven polypropylene (PP) mat, porous PP membrane, Al₂O₃-coated PP membrane, and cellulose paper. The surface morphology, differential scanning calorimetry, electrolyte uptake, and apparent contact angle were investigated. The electrochemical characterizations of coin cells indicated that the EDLC with cellulose separator had the highest specific capacitance and rate capability. Differences in the selfdischarge of the four cells were not obvious. The specific capacities of the hybrid battery-supercapacitors with PP membrane and nonwoven PP mat separators were approximately 20% higher than the others. The capacitor with the cellulose paper separator had the highest self-discharge rate.

Key words: Electrical double-layer capacitor, Hybrid battery-supercapacitor, Electrolyte uptake, Apparent contact angle, Self-discharge

孙现众, 张熊, 黄博, 马衍伟. 隔膜对双电层电容器和混合型电池-超级电容器的电化学性能的影响[J]. 物理化学学报, 2014, 30(3), 485-491. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201401131

SUN Xian-Zhong, ZHANG Xiong, HUANG Bo, MA Yan-Wei. Effects of Separator on the Electrochemical Performance of Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor and Hybrid Battery-Supercapacitor[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2014, 30(3), 485-491. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201401131

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB201401131

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2014/V30/I3/485

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隔膜对双电层电容器和混合型电池-超级电容器的电化学性能的影响

Effects of Separator on the Electrochemical Performance of Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor and Hybrid Battery-Supercapacitor

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