物理化学学报

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双电磁梯度赋能SrFe12O19/rGO-MXene@芳纶纳米纤维复合薄膜实现高效低反射电磁干扰屏蔽

秦光宇1,2,3, 闫岳峰1,2,3, 刘司乾1,2,3, 伦安奇1,2,3, 高博识1,2,3, 张凯丽4, 贾德昌1,2,3, 周玉1,2,3, 黄小萧1,2,3   

  1. 1 哈尔滨工业大学材料结构精密焊接与连接全国重点实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
    2 哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
    3 哈尔滨工业大学先进空天结构功能材料与制备技术工信部重点实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
    4 苏州国家实验室, 江苏 苏州 215123
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-17 修回日期:2026-07-26 录用日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 黄小萧, 张凯丽, 闫岳峰 E-mail:swliza@hit.edu.cn;zhangkl@szlab.ac.cn;22b909026@stu.hit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    本研究得到了国家自然科学基金(52372041,525B2034,52432002)的资助。

High-efficiency, low-reflectivity electromagnetic interference shielding enabled by dual electromagnetic gradients in SrFe12O19/rGO-MXene@aramid nanofiber composite films

Guangyu Qin1,2,3, Yuefeng Yan1,2,3, Siqian Liu1,2,3, Anqi Lun1,2,3, Boshi Gao1,2,3, Kaili Zhang4, Dechang Jia1,2,3, Yu Zhou1,2,3, Xiaoxiao Huang1,2,3   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China;
    2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China;
    3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Structural Functional Materials and Preparation Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China;
    4 Suzhou National Laboratory, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2026-06-17 Revised:2026-07-26 Accepted:2026-07-27
  • Contact: Xiaoxiao Huang, Kaili Zhang, Yuefeng Yan E-mail:swliza@hit.edu.cn;zhangkl@szlab.ac.cn;22b909026@stu.hit.edu.cn

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摘要： 开发具有低反射率的高性能电磁干扰(EMI)屏蔽薄膜材料对于解决辐射泄漏造成的二次电磁污染这一紧迫问题至关重要，而采用非对称梯度结构设计则成为解决高屏蔽性能和低反射率之间矛盾的有效策略。本研究采用简单易控的分层真空辅助过滤法，制备了具有双电-磁梯度的多功能复合薄膜，其中，Ti3C2Tx MXene因其高导电性和丰富的表面官能团，与芳纶纳米纤维(ANFs)形成紧密结合层，用作电磁波反射层。同时，具有组成梯度的rGO纳米片和片状SrFe12O19被用于构建兼具导电性和磁性的双梯度层，用作抗反射层。这种梯度结构已被证明能够显著降低入射波的反射功率系数，并产生“吸收-反射-再吸收”的衰减效应。该复合薄膜的厚度为206 μm，屏蔽效果达到68 dB。与直接入射高导电层相比，沿导电梯度方向入射波的反射功率系数从0.99降低至0.55。此外，该复合薄膜还表现出了优异的拉伸强度、焦耳热效应以及红外热伪装能力，为设计和制造多功能集成、低反射率以及高性能的EMI屏蔽材料提供了新的思路。

关键词: 电磁屏蔽, 低反射率, 梯度结构, 二维导电材料, 六方SrFe12O19

Abstract: The development of high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding film materials with low reflectivity is imperative to address the pressing issue of secondary electromagnetic pollution caused by radiation leakage. The design of asymmetric gradient structures emerges as an effective strategy to resolve the conflicting objectives of achieving high shielding performance and low reflectivity. In this study, a simple and easily controllable layered vacuum-assisted filtration method was employed to prepare multifunctional composite films with dual electric and magnetic gradients. The high conductivity and abundant surface functional groups of Ti3C2Tx MXene were leveraged to create a tightly bonded layer with aramid nanofibers (ANFs), which was used as an electromagnetic wave reflection layer. Conversely, rGO nanosheets with a composition gradient and flake-like SrFe12O19 were used to construct a dual-gradient layer combining conductive and magnetic properties, acting as the anti-reflection layer. This gradient structure has been shown to significantly reduce the incident wave reflection power coefficient and induce an "absorption-reflection-reabsorption" attenuation behavior. The composite film exhibits a thickness of 206 μm, which results in a total shielding performance of 68 dB. A comparison of the reflection power coefficient for waves incident along the conductive gradient direction with that for direct incidence on the highly conductive layer reveals a decrease from 0.99 to 0.55. Furthermore, the composite film displays exceptional tensile strength, Joule heating effects, and infrared thermal camouflage capabilities. This work provides novel insights into the design and fabrication of multifunctional, integrated, low-reflectivity, high-performance EMI shielding materials.

Key words: Electromagnetic shielding, Low reflectivity, Gradient structure, Two-dimensional conductive materials, Hexagonal SrFe12O19