Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 100234.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100234

• ARTICLE • Previous Articles    

Interfacial stabilization of alkali metal oxides on carbon spheres for high-performance CO2 chemisorption

Feifan Zhao1, Feiyan Xu1,2,*(), Jiaguo Yu1,*()   

  1. 1 Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, Hubei Province, China
    2 Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química, CSIC-UPV, Universitat Polite?cnica de Vale?ncia, Valencia 46022, Spain
  • Received:2025-12-12 Revised:2025-12-22 Accepted:2025-12-23 Published:2026-01-23
  • Contact: Email: xufeiyan@cug.edu.cn (Feiyan Xu)yujiaguo93@cug.edu.cn (Jiaguo Yu)

Abstract:

Efficient capture of low-concentration carbon dioxide (CO2) requires chemisorbents that couple strong reactivity with long-term structural stability. Alkali metal oxides are promising candidates but suffer from rapid sintering that severely reduces accessible active sites. Here we develop a universal interfacial strategy that immobilizes Li2O, Na2O, and K2O as highly dispersed amorphous domains on hollow carbon spheres (named Li-HCS, Na-HCS, and K-HCS) forming robust M–O–C anchor sites. These interfacial structures prevent oxide migration, enhance surface basicity, and significantly strengthen CO2 binding. Among the alkali metal-loaded hollow carbon spheres, K-HCS exhibits the highest CO2 uptake (4.9 mmol g−1 at 273 K and 1bar), fastest adsorption kinetics (13.56 mol kg−1 h−1 at 313 K and 1bar), and optimal low-pressure removal efficiency (44% at 273 K and 0.15 bar). Density functional theory calculations further reveal a monotonic increase in adsorption strength and molecular activation from Li to Na to K, driven by enhanced electron donation and polarizability. This work establishes a broadly applicable route for stabilizing alkali metal oxides and provides mechanistic insights for advancing low-pressure CO2 capture materials.

Key words: Alkali metal oxides, Hollow carbon spheres, CO2 chemisorption, Low-concentration CO2 capture, Flue gas purification