Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 100130.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100130
Special Issue: Electrochemical Separation and Recycling
• ARTICLE • Previous Articles Next Articles
Hui Zhang1, Zijian Zhao1, Yajing Wang1, Kai Ni1, Yanfei Wang1,*(
), Liang Zhu2, Jianyun Liu3,*(
), Xiaoyu Zhao1,2,*(
)
Received:2025-06-06
Revised:2025-07-08
Accepted:2025-07-14
Published:2025-12-03
Contact:
Email: xyz@tust.edu.cn (Xiaoyu Zhao)wangyanfei@tust.edu.cn (Yanfei Wang)jianyun.liu@dhu.edu.cn (Jianyun Liu)
Hui Zhang, Zijian Zhao, Yajing Wang, Kai Ni, Yanfei Wang, Liang Zhu, Jianyun Liu, Xiaoyu Zhao. Structurally engineered solvent-free LiFePO4 electrodes via hot-pressing with efficient ion transport pathways for lithium extraction from brine[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2026, 42(2), 100130. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100130
Fig 3
(a) XRD patterns of electrode samples. (b) Contact angle images of electrodes with different compositions. (c) 180° peel test curves for electrodes with different compositions. (d) CV curves of electrodes with different compositions at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1. (e) Cycling performance (capacity retention) of electrodes with different compositions at 1C in 1 mol L−1 LiCl electrolyte. (f–h) GCD potential profiles of electrodes with different compositions at 1C: (f) DPCE1505-LFP, (g) DPCE1010-LFP, (h) DPCE0515-LFP. (i) EIS Nyquist plots of electrodes with different compositions."
Fig 4
(a) XRD patterns of the LFP-C powder and the electrode samples. (b, c) XPS spectra: (b) full spectra, (c) C 1s spectra. (d–k) 3D structures obtained through Micro-CT characterization and 3D reconstruction using Avizo software: the overall structures of (d) DPCE1505-LFP and (e) SCE1505-LFP, the distribution of solid materials in (f) DPCE1505-LFP and (g) SCE1505-LFP, the pore network structures of (h) DPCE1505-LFP and (i) SCE1505-LFP, and the schematic diagrams of pore channel connectivity in (j) DPCE1505-LFP and (k) SCE1505-LFP (regions with the same color represent interconnected pore channels)"
Fig 5
(a) Comparison of specific surface area and pore size between DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP. (b) Contact angle images of DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP. CV curves of (c) DPCE1505-LFP and (d) SCE1505-LFP at different scan rates in 1 mol L−1 LiCl electrolyte. (e) Fitting plots of peak current vs. v1/2 for DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP. (f) The Tafel test results of DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP. (g) GCD test for DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP at 1C in 1 mol L−1 LiCl solution. (h) Potential profile of GCD test for DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP at 1C. (i) EIS Nyquist plots for DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP."
Table 1
Diffusion coefficients of DPCE1505-LFP and SCE1505-LFP electrodes in 1 mol L−1 LiCl electrolyte. D0 (Ox1) represents the diffusion coefficient for the oxidation process, while D0 (Red1) represents the diffusion coefficient for the reduction process."
| Electrode material | D0 (Ox1) (cm2 s−1) | D0 (Red1) (cm2 s−1) |
| DPCE1505-LFP | 2.01 × 10−10 | 1.12 × 10−10 |
| SCE1505-LFP | 4.73 × 10−11 | 2.28 × 10−11 |
Fig 6
(a–f) Cross-sectional SEM images of DPCE1505-LFP with different mass loadings and their corresponding thicknesses. (g) Thickness and areal specific capacity curves of DPCE1505-LFP with different areal mass loadings in a 1 mol L−1 LiCl solution at a constant current of 1 mA. (h) GCD potential profiles of DPCE1505-LFP with different areal mass loadings at the 1st cycle. (i) Areal specific capacity of HL-DPCE and HL-SCE in 1 mol L−1 LiCl solution under constant current (1 mA) charge-discharge. (j) Tafel test results of HL-DPCE and HL-SCE."
Fig 7
(a) Li+ adsorption capacity and energy consumption per unit mass of active material in the DPCE1505-LFP//AC system under different concentrations of LiCl solution. (b) Li+ adsorption capacity and energy consumption per unit mass of active material in the DPCE1505-LFP//AC system at different current densities in 10 mmol L−1 LiCl solution. (c–e) Lithium extraction cycle tests of the DPCE1505-LFP//AC system in simulated Uyuni brine: (c) Energy consumption and cumulative adsorption of Li+ per unit mass of active material, (d) Li+ extraction purity and recovery rate, (e) Lithium-magnesium separation factor and lithium-sodium separation factor, (f) Comparison of lithium extraction purity and lithium adsorption per unit area between this work and other systems reported in the literature."
| 1 |
J. Zhang, Z. Cheng, X. Qin, X. Gao, M. Wang, X. Xiang. Desalination 2023, 547, 116225.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2022.116225 |
| 2 |
L. Song, H. Liang, S. Li, B. Qiu, Z. Liu. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2025, 41(8), 100085.
doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100085 |
| 3 |
Z. Han, D. Zhang, H. Wang, G. Zheng, M. Liu, Y. He. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2024, 40(9), 2307034.
doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307034 |
| 4 |
L. Wu, C. Zhang, S. Kim, T. A. Hatton, H. Mo, T. D. Waite. Water Res. 2022, 221, 118822.
doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118822 |
| 5 |
L. Zhang, T. Zhang, S. Lv, S. Song, H. J. O. Galván, M. Quintana, Y. Zhao. Desalination 2024, 579, 117480.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.117480 |
| 6 |
E. S. Rentier, C. Hoorn, A. C. Seijmonsbergen. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 2024, 202, 114642.
doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114642 |
| 7 |
Y. Han, Y. Yang, Y. Ma, D. Liang, L. Wen, J. Ma, W. Wang. J. Hazard. Mater. 2024, 480, 136335.
doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136335 |
| 8 |
Z. Wei, B. Hu, C. Yao, J. Yang, B. Zhang, Y. Wang, X. Li, J. Guo, J. Liu. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2025, 693, 137655.
doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.137655 |
| 9 |
J. Wang, X. Yue, P. Wang, T. Yu, X. Du, X. Hao, A. Abudula, G. Guan. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 2022, 154, 111813.
doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111813 |
| 10 |
A. Khalil, S. Mohammed, R. Hashaikeh, N. Hilal. Desalination 2022, 528, 115611.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2022.115611 |
| 11 |
Y. Boroumand, S. Abrishami, A. Razmjou. Nat. Sustain. 2024, 7(12), 1550.
doi: 10.1038/s41893-024-01451-2 |
| 12 |
S. Santoro, M. Aquino, C. Rizza, J. Occhiuzzi, D. Mastrippolito, G. D'Olimpio, A. H. Avci, J. De Santis, V. Paolucci, L. Ottaviano, et al.. Desalination 2023, 546, 116186.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2022.116186 |
| 13 |
A. F. Eskafi, C. De Finnda, C. A. Garcia, B. Mi. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2025, 59(1), 892.
doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c08151 |
| 14 |
T. Zhang, W. Zheng, Q. Wang, Z. Wu, Z. Wang. Desalination 2023, 546, 116205.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2022.116205 |
| 15 |
Z. H. Foo, D. Rehman, A. T. Bouma, S. Monsalvo, J. H. Lienhard. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2023, 57(15), 6320.
doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08584 |
| 16 |
Z. Yang, W. Fang, Z. Wang, R. Zhang, Y. Zhu, J. Jin. J. Membr. Sci. 2021, 620, 118862.
doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118862 |
| 17 |
F. Xue, X. Yang, Z. He, F. Chen, S. Ju. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 114696.
doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114696 |
| 18 |
C. Zhang, J. Yao, W. Zhai, H. Chen, H. He, Y.-B. Zhang, T. He. Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 467, 143526.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.143526 |
| 19 |
M. R. Mojid, K. J. Lee, J. You. Sustain. Mater. Technol. 2024, 40, e00923.
doi: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e00923 |
| 20 |
T. Kanagasundaram, O. Murphy, M. N. Haji, J. J. Wilson. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2024, 509, 215727.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2024.215727 |
| 21 |
H. Su, B. Tan, J. Zhang, W. Liu, L. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhu, T. Qi. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2022, 282, 120110.
doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120110 |
| 22 |
A. Deshmukh, Z. H. Foo, C. Stetson, H. Lee, C. J. Orme, A. D. Wilson, J. H. Lienhard. Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 434, 134391.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.134391 |
| 23 |
G. Tan, S. Wan, J.-J. Chen, H.-Q. Yu, Y. Yu. Adv. Mater. 2024, 36(14), 2310657.
doi: 10.1002/adma.202310657 |
| 24 |
X. Zhao, Z. He, M. Li, C. He, Y. Xu, Y. Wang, J. Ma, H. Y. Yang. Desalination 2025, 597, 118377.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118377 |
| 25 |
J. Gu, L. Chen, X. Li, G. Luo, L. Fan, Y. Chao, H. Ji, W. Zhu. J. Energy Chem. 2024, 89, 410.
doi: 10.1016/j.jechem.2023.10.005 |
| 26 |
X. Zhao, S. Yang, X. Song, Y. Wang, H. Zhang, M. Li, Y. Wang. Adv. Sci. 2024, 11(41), 2405176.
doi: 10.1002/advs.202405176 |
| 27 |
X. Lai, P. Xiong, H. Zhong. Hydrometallurgy 2020, 192, 105252.
doi: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2020.105252 |
| 28 |
N. Gan, Y. Lin, B. Wu, Y. Qiu, H. Sun, J. Su, J. Yu, Q. Lin, H. Matsuyama. Water Res. 2025, 268, 122703.
doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122703 |
| 29 |
S. Zavahir, T. Elmakki, M. Gulied, Z. Ahmad, L. Al-Sulaiti, H. K. Shon, Y. Chen, H. Park, B. Batchelor, D. S. Han. Desalination 2021, 500, 114883.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114883 |
| 30 |
L. Wang, L. Wang, J. Wang, X. Wang. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2022, 303, 121933.
doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121933 |
| 31 |
L. Zhang, J. Li, R. Liu, Y. Zhou, Y. Zhang, L. Ji, L. Li. J. Mol. Liq. 2022, 362, 119667.
doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119667 |
| 32 |
L. Wang, J. Zhang, S. Meng, H. Wu, Y. Zhao, Z. Meng, L. Feng, H. Wang, Y. Cheng, L. Yang, et al.. Desalination 2025, 599, 118445.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.118445 |
| 33 |
X. Zhao, L. Zheng, Y. Hou, Y. Wang, L. Zhu. Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 450, 138454.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.138454 |
| 34 |
J. Xiong, Z. Zhao, D. Liu, L. He. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2022, 290, 120789.
doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120789 |
| 35 |
M. Rethinasabapathy, G. Bhaskaran, S.-K. Hwang, T. Ryu, Y. S. Huh. Chemosphere 2023, 336, 139256.
doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139256 |
| 36 |
Y. Bao, Z. Ji, H. Zhou, C. Zhang, S. Song, F. Jia, J. Li, M.. Quintana: v, 2024, 2406951
|
| 37 |
B. Hu, B. Zhang, Y. Wang, M. Li, J. Yang, J. Liu. Desalination 2023, 560, 116662.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2023.116662 |
| 38 |
B. Hu, Y. Wang, B. Zhang, X. Song, H. Jiang, J. Ma, J. Liu. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2024, 348, 127693.
doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2024.127693 |
| 39 |
Y. Chen, H. Zhan, Y. Qiao, Z. Qian, B. Lv, Z. Wu, Z. Liu. Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 477, 147136.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.147136 |
| 40 |
J. Kumberg, M. Müller, R. Diehm, S. Spiegel, C. Wachsmann, W. Bauer, P. Scharfer, W. Schabel. Energy Technol. 2019, 7(11), 1900722.
doi: 10.1002/ente.201900722 |
| 41 |
A. M, A. Paul. ACS Omega 2017, 2(11), 8039.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01275 |
| 42 |
K. Kwon, J. Kim, S. Han, J. Lee, H. Lee, J. Kwon, J. Lee, J. Seo, P. J. Kim, T. Song, et al.. Small Sci. 2024, 4(5), 2300302.
doi: 10.1002/smsc.202300302 |
| 43 |
C. Zhang. Nat. Energy 2023, 8(6), 554.
doi: 10.1038/s41560-023-01290-z |
| 44 |
Y. Zhang, S. Lu, Z. Wang, V. Volkov, F. Lou, Z. Yu. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 2023, 183, 113515.
doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113515 |
| 45 |
H. Kim, J. H. Lim, T. Lee, J. An, H. Kim, H. Song, H. Lee, J. W. Choi, J. H. Kang. ACS Energy Lett. 2023, 8(8), 3460.
doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00936 |
| 46 |
Q. Li, S. Zhang, Y. Jiang, L. Zhu, N. Guo, J. Zhang, Y. Li, T. Wei, Z. Fan. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2025, 41(3), 100028.
doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406009 |
| 47 |
J. Fu, X. Gong, W. Jin, C. Podder, Y. Liu, Z. Yang, M. Sultanov, H. Pan, Y. Wang. Energy Storage Mater. 2024, 69, 103423.
doi: 10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103423 |
| 48 |
M. Ryu, Y.-K. Hong, S.-Y. Lee, J. H. Park. Nat. Commun. 2023, 14(1), 1316.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37009-7 |
| 49 |
B. Lee, N. Park, K. S. Kang, H. J. Ryu, S. H. Hong. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2018, 6(2), 1572.
doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01750 |
| 50 |
B. Yang, R. Wang, B. Xin, L. Liu, Z. Niu. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2025, 41(2), 100015.
doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202310024 |
| 51 |
J. Liu, S. Tian, W. Knoll. Langmuir 2005, 21(12), 5596.
doi: 10.1021/la0501233 |
| 52 |
C. Nan, J. Lu, L. Li, L. Li, Q. Peng, Y. Li. Nano Res. 2013, 6(7), 469.
doi: 10.1007/s12274-013-0324-8 |
| 53 |
J. Wang, M. Wang, N. Ren, J. Dong, Y. Li, C. Chen. Energy Storage Mater. 2021, 39, 287.
doi: 10.1016/j.ensm.2021.04.030 |
| 54 |
B. Liu, L. Zhou, Y. Wang, S. Zhuo, Y. Zhou, J. Yang, Z. Li. J. Appl. Phys. 2023, 134(14), 144701.
doi: 10.1063/5.0161169 |
| 55 |
X. Qin, Y. Xia, J. Wu, C. Sun, J. Zeng, K. Xu, J. Cai. Energy Fuels 2022, 36(14), 7519.
doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01359 |
| 56 |
E. Zhen, J. Jiang, C. Lv, X. Huang, H. Xu, H. Dou, X. Zhang. J. Power Sources 2021, 515, 230644.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230644 |
| 57 |
Z. Liang, T. Li, H. Chi, J. Ziegelbauer, K. Sun, M. Wang, W. Zhang, T. Liu, Y.-T. Cheng, Z. Chen, et al.. Energy Environ. Mater. 2024, 7(1), e12503.
doi: 10.1002/eem2.12503 |
| 58 |
Y. Ma, H. Yang, J. Guo, C. Sathe, A. Agui, J. Nordgren. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1998, 72(25), 3353.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37009-7 |
| 59 |
H. Wang, J. Fu, C. Wang, R. Zhang, Y. Yang, Y. Li, C. Li, Q. Sun, H. Li, T. Zhai. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31(34), 2102284.
doi: 10.1002/adfm.202102284 |
| 60 |
Y. Suh, J. K. Koo, H.-j. Im, Y.-J. Kim. Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 476, 146299.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.146299 |
| 61 |
M. Ebner, D.-W. Chung, R. E. García, V. Wood. Adv. Energy Mater. 2014, 4(5), 1301278.
doi: 10.1002/aenm.201301278 |
| 62 |
Y. Liu, X. Gong, C. Podder, F. Wang, Z. Li, J. Liu, J. Fu, X. Ma, P. Vanaphuti, R. Wang, et al.. Joule 2023, 7(5), 952.
doi: 10.1016/j.joule.2023.04.006 |
| 63 |
D. Davudov, R. G. Moghanloo, Y. Zhang. Int. J. Coal Geol. 2020, 220, 103427.
doi: 10.1016/j.coal.2020.103427 |
| 64 |
L. Chi, Z. Heidari. SPE J. 2016, 21(4), 1436.
doi: 10.2118/179734-PA |
| 65 |
X. Zhao, X. Song, M. Li, S. Yang, K. Wang, Y. Li, Y. Wang. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2025, 363, 132021.
doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132021 |
| 66 |
K.-Y. Park, J.-W. Park, W. M. Seong, K. Yoon, T.-H. Hwang, K.-H. Ko, J.-H. Han, Y. Jaedong, K. Kang. J. Power Sources 2020, 468, 228369.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228369 |
| 67 |
L. Chen, L. Fan, D. Lan, J. Gu, C. Xiaojun, H. Ji, Y. Chao, P. Wu, W. Zhu. Chem. Eng. J. 2025, 505, 159815.
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.159815 |
| 68 |
J. Gu, L. Chen, L. Fan, G. Luo, X. Li, X. Chen, H. Ji, Y. Chao, W. Zhu. Desalination 2024, 586, 117828.
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2024.117828 |
| [1] | Er-Long SONG,Lin-Feng LAN,Zhen-Guo LIN,Sheng SUN,Wei SONG,Yu-Zhi LI,Pei-Xiong GAO,Peng ZHANG,Jun-Biao PENG. Preparation of Indium-Zinc-Oxide Thin Film Transistors by Hot-Pressing Sintering Target [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2017, 33(10): 2092-2098. |
| [2] | WANG Ya-Nan, YANG Yu-Xia, LI Yong-Wen, LAI Jun-Hua, SUN Kun-Peng. Preparation of Fe3O4 Modified Pt-Ru/C Nanocatalysts and Their Catalytic Properties for the Selective Hydrogenation of ortho-Chloronitrobenzene under Solvent-Free Conditions [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2013, 29(10): 2239-2244. |
|
||