Fig 1

(a) The diagrams depict the synthesis process of MOCN; TEM images of (b) g-C3N4, (c) MoO2−x and (d) MOCN-2; (e) HRTEM image of MOCN-2. (f–j) HAADF."

Fig 2

(a) XRD patterns, (b) FT-IR spectra of MoO2−x, g-C3N4, MOCN-1, MOCN-2 and MOCN-3. (c) ESR signals of MoO2−x and MOCN-2; (d) UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra of MoO2−x, g-C3N4, MOCN-1, MOCN-2 and MOCN-3. (e) Band structures of MoO2−x and g-C3N4. The IR images of photo-thermal effect for (f) MoO2−x, (g) g-C3N4 and (h) MOCN-2."

Fig 3

(a) The catalytic degradation efficiency of TC and (b) kinetic values of samples; (c) TC degradation in MOCN-2 system under different temperatures and without PMS; The effects of (d) PMS dosages and (e) inorganic anions; (f) Cycling experiments of TC degradation over MOCN-2; (g) The proposed photocatalytic degradation pathways."

Fig 4

(a) The IR images of photo-thermal effect for TC solution and MOCN-2 in TC solution; (b) Schematics of the continuous serial microreactor and (c) the flow degradation efficiency of TC over MOCN-2. The effects of (d) different pollutants and (e) different water quality on the degradation performance coupled with antibacterial properties of MOCN-2."

Fig 5

2D pseudocolor TA plots, TA spectra and the TA kinetics of (a–c) MoO2−x, (d–f) g-C3N4, and (g–i) MOCN-2. The TA kinetics were probed at 450 nm."

Fig 6

Electrostatic potentials of (a) MoO2−x (103) and (b) g-C3N4 (002) surface. (c) TDOS of MoO2−x, g-C3N4 and MOCN. (d) Side view of the charge density difference of MOCN."

Fig 7

Ex situ and in situ irradiated XPS spectra of the MoO2−x, g-C3N4 and MOCN-2 samples. High resolution spectra: (a) Mo 3d, (b) O 1s, (c) C 1s and (d) N 1s. (e) Charge transfer mechanism of MOCN S-scheme heterojunction."

Fig 8

ESR signals of (a) DMPO-•O2−, (b) DMPO-•SO4−/•OH and (c) TEMP-1O2 over MOCN-2. (d) Scavenger quenching tests. (e) Possible reaction mechanism for TC degradation in MOCN/PMS/Light system."