Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 100281.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100281

• ARTICLE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Janus liquid metal@Mxene/Fe3O4 nanofiber membranes with polydopamine-confined liquid metal for electromagnetic interference shielding and infrared control

Chunyue Fang1, Xiaoxuan Tan1, Chunhong Wang1,3,8,*(), Yang He2,*(), Xiaoyuan Pei1, Yu Zhang1, Sarani binti Zakaria6, Guangwei Fu4, Jiangang Wang5, Li Chen8, Kun Liu7, Ting Xu7, Chuanling Si7,*()   

  1. 1 School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    3 Shaoxing Keqiao Institute of Tiangong University, Shaoxing 312030, Zhejiang Province, China
    4 China Textile Engineering Society, Beijing 100025, China
    5 Shaoxing Testing Institute of Quality Technical Supervision, Shaoxing 312366, Zhejiang Province, China
    6 UKM-YSD Chair for Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
    7 State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
    8 Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Textile Composites, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2026-02-02 Revised:2026-03-05 Accepted:2026-03-05 Published:2026-09-03
  • Contact: Email: wangchunhong@tiangong.edu.cn (Chunhong Wang)heyang@tiangong.edu.cn (Yang He)sichli@tust.edu.cn (Chunwen Sun)

Abstract:

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) increasingly constrains the development of flexible and multifunctional electronics materials, yet asymmetric structural design and functional integration remain limited. Here we report a Janus hierarchical membrane, liquid metal@polydopamine-MXene/Fe3O4@cellulose polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (LM@PDA-MXene/Fe3O4@CPNF), fabricated by electrospinning a Fe3O4-doped cellulose/Polyacrylonitrile nanofiber scaffold and vacuum-assisted assembly of MXene intercalated with core–shell LM@PDA nanoparticles. The multiscale architecture couples three loss pathways: a percolated MXene network for conductive loss, LM@PDA spacers that suppress restacking and form microcapacitors for interfacial and dipolar polarization, and a porous magnetic entrance that improves impedance matching. In the X-band, a single 70 μm layer achieved an average EMI shielding effectiveness (SET) of 45.1 dB and a thickness-normalised specific shielding effectiveness (SSE/t) = 8.87 × 103 dB·cm2 g−1, stacking four layers raised SET to 70.8 dB. The membrane also provided orientation-dependent thermal functions, this ultrathin, eco-friendly, and lightweight membrane integrates absorption-dominant EMI shielding with bidirectional thermal management in a single platform, offering a practical route toward electromagnetic protection and infrared control in next-generation wearable electronics.

Key words: Electromagnetic interference shielding, Magnetic nanofiber, MXene, Structure regulation, Multifunctional