物理化学学报 >> 1986, Vol. 2 >> Issue (02): 153-159.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB19860209

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

极性有机化合物在电解质水溶液中盐效应的研究
(Ⅰ)定标粒子理论的改进及其在二(2-乙基己基)磷酸-碱金属氯化物-水三元体系中的应用

陆九芳; 丁红兵; 李以圭; 膝藤   

  1. 清华大学化工系
  • 收稿日期:1985-06-29 修回日期:1985-10-26 发布日期:1986-04-15

SALTING EFFECT OF POLAR ORGANIC COMPOUND IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS(Ⅰ)
An Improvement in Scaled Particle Theory and Its Application in D2EHPA-Alkali Chloride-H2O Ternary Systems

Lu Jiufang; Ding Hongbing; Li Yigui; Teng Teng   

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University, Beijing
  • Received:1985-06-29 Revised:1985-10-26 Published:1986-04-15

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摘要： 本文用放射性磷32标记法测定了二(2-乙基已基)磷酸在碱金属氯化物溶液中的盐效应常数。并对定标粒子理论进行了改进, 较全面地考察了溶液中粒子间的各种相互作用, 导出了新的盐效应公式。由本文可看出不同的离子半径值对计算结果有较大的影响。本文也提出了一个用非电解质的堆积因子来估算硬球直径的方法, 由此值得出的计算结果与实验值符合得较好。

Abstract: In this paper, the scaled particle theory (SPT) is improved by considering various interactions among particles in solution and then is applied to ternary sys- tems with a polar organic compound.
The salting effect constants of di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phoshoric acid (D2EHPA) in alkali chloride solutions were determined by tracer technique. By comparing the results calculated by the improved SPT formulas with the experimental values, it seems that the improved SPT formulas are much better than the previous if the parameters are chosen properly.
It is found that the calculated results are sensitive to the ionic radii and the hardcore diameter of the non-electrolyte. A method, based on the packing factor, is also suggested to estimate the hardcore diameter of the non-electrolyte.