物理化学学报 >> 2004, Vol. 20 >> Issue (02): 186-190.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20040216

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盐酸在硫酸镍水溶液中的活度系数

王琴萍;吕兴梅;陈洪涛;周丽华;陈树森;吕殿祯   

  1. 辽宁大学化学系,沈阳　110036；沈阳师范大学化学系,沈阳　110034
  • 收稿日期:2003-06-26 修回日期:2003-08-26 发布日期:2004-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 吕殿祯 E-mail:ludianzhen@yahoo.com.cn

Activity Coefficients of HCl in the Nickel Sulfate Solution

Wang Qin-Ping;Lü Xing-Mei;Chen Hong-Tao;Zhou Li-Hua;Chen Shu-Sen;Lü Dian-Zhen   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang　110036；Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang　110034
  • Received:2003-06-26 Revised:2003-08-26 Published:2004-02-15
  • Contact: Lü Dian-Zhen E-mail:ludianzhen@yahoo.com.cn

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摘要： 以标准氢电极和银-氯化银电极组成无液接电池,研究HCl-NiSO4-H2O体系.在恒定溶液总离子强度I=0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.5 、2.0 mol•kg－1, NiSO4在溶液中的离子强度分数yB=0.00、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.50、0 .70的条件下,在278.15～323.15 K温度范围内测定电池: Pt, H2(101.325 kPa)│HCl(mA), NiSO4(mB), H2O│AgCl-Ag 的电动势.根据测得的电动势数据,考虑到体系存在硫酸的二级解离,应用数学迭代方法确定平衡体系氢离子的浓度,进而计算了混合溶液中HCl的活度系数γA.结果表明,在溶液中总离子强度保持恒定时, HCl 的活度系数服从Harned规则.

关键词: 活度系数, 电动势, 离子强度, 硫酸镍, Harned规则, 盐酸

Abstract: The thermodynamic properties of HCl-NiSO4-H2O system was studied by EMF measurement in the cells without liquid junction: Pt, H2(101.325 kPa)│HCl(mA), NiSO4(mB), H2O│AgCl-Ag at certain total ionic strength I =0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.5、2.0 mol•kg－1 with various ionic strength fractions of NiSO4 yB=0.00、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.50、0.70 at different temperatures from 278.15～323.15 K .The activity coefficients of HCl γA in the solution have been calculated from EMF of cell (A).The results show that the activity coefficients of HCl in the solutions still obey Harned’s rule.

Key words: Activity coefficients, EMF, Ionic strength, Nickel sulfate, Harned’s rule, HCl