Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801121

物理化学学报 >> 2018, Vol. 34 >> Issue (6): 692-698.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801121

所属专题：密度泛函理论中的化学概念专刊

Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis

OROZCO-VALENCIA Ulises¹,GÁZQUEZ José L.²,VELA Alberto^1,*()

¹ Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, México
² Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, 09340, México

收稿日期:2017-11-24 发布日期:2018-03-20
通讯作者: VELA Alberto E-mail:avela@cinvestav.mx

Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis

Ulises OROZCO-VALENCIA¹,L. GÁZQUEZ José²,Alberto VELA^1,*()

¹ Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, México
² Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Ciudad de México, 09340, México

Received:2017-11-24 Published:2018-03-20
Contact: Alberto VELA E-mail:avela@cinvestav.mx

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

A global and local charge transfer partitioning model, based on the cornerstone theory developed by Robert G. Parr and Robert G. Pearson, which introduces two charge transfer channels (one for accepting electrons (electrophilic) and another for donating (nucleophilic)), is applied to the reaction of a set of indoles with 4, 6-dinitrobenzofuroxan. The global analysis indicates that the prevalent electron transfer mechanism in the reaction is a nucleophilic one on the indoles, i.e., the indoles under consideration transfer electrons to 4, 6-dinitrobenzofuroxan. Evaluating the reactivity descriptors with exchange-correlation functionals including exact exchange (global hybrids) yields slightly better correlations than those obtained with generalized gradient-approximated functionals; however, the trends are preserved. Comparing the trend obtained with the number of electrons donated by the indoles, and predicted by the partitioning model, with that observed experimentally based on the measured rate constants, we propose that the number of electrons transferred through this channel can be used as a nucleophilicity scale to order the reactivity of indoles towards 4, 6-dinitrobenzofuroxan. This approach to obtain reactivity scales has the advantage of depending on the intrinsic properties of the two reacting species; therefore, it opens the possibility that the same group of molecules may show different reactivity trends depending on the species with which they are reacting. The local model allows systematic incorporation of the reactive atoms based on the their decreasing condensed Fukui functions, and the correlations obtained by increasing the number of reactive atoms participating in the local analysis of the transferred nucleophilic charge improve, reaching an optimal correlation, which in the present case indicates keeping three atoms from the indoles and two from 4, 6-dinitrobenzofuroxan. The atoms selected by this procedure provide valuable information about the local reactivity of the indoles. We further show that this information about the most reactive atoms on each reactant, combined with the spatial distribution of the nucleophilic and electrophilic Fukui functions of both reactants, allows one to propose non-trivial candidates of starting geometries for the search of the transition state structures present in these reactions.

关键词: Chemical reactivity, Conceptual DFT, Charge transfer, Nucleophilicity, Indoles, Transition state prediction

Abstract:

Key words: Chemical reactivity, Conceptual DFT, Charge transfer, Nucleophilicity, Indoles, Transition state prediction

OROZCO-VALENCIA Ulises,GÁZQUEZ José L.,VELA Alberto. Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis[J]. 物理化学学报, 2018, 34(6), 692-698. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801121

Ulises OROZCO-VALENCIA,L. GÁZQUEZ José,Alberto VELA. Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2018, 34(6), 692-698. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801121

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801121

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2018/V34/I6/692

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Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis

Reactivity of Indoles through the Eyes of a Charge-Transfer Partitioning Analysis

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