物理化学学报 >> 2023, Vol. 39 >> Issue (10): 2307046.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307046

所属专题： 北大纳米化学研究中心30周年专刊

论文 上一篇    

亚微米尺寸、高结晶度石墨烯增强间位芳纶纤维力学性能

高振飞1,3, 宋清泉2, 肖志华1,3,4, 李兆龙1,3,5, 李涛3, 罗家俊1,3, 王珊珊1, 周万立6, 李兰英1,6, 于俊荣2,*(), 张锦1,3,*()   

  1. 1 北京大学材料科学与工程学院, 化学与分子工程学院, 前沿交叉学科研究院, 北京市低维碳材料科学与工程技术研究中心, 北京 100871
    2 东华大学材料科学与工程学院, 纤维材料改性国家重点实验室, 上海 201620
    3 北京石墨烯研究院, 石墨烯纤维技术研究部, 北京 100095
    4 中国石油大学(北京), 重质油国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
    5 宁夏大学化学化工学院, 省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室, 银川 750021
    6 中蓝晨光化工研究设计院有限公司, 成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-24 录用日期:2023-09-08 发布日期:2023-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 于俊荣,张锦 E-mail:yjr@dhu.edu.cn;jinzhang@pku.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:第一联系人：

    †These authors contributed equally to this work.

  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部(2022YFA1203302);国家科技部(2022YFA1203304);国家科技部(2016YFA0200100);国家自然科学基金(52021006);国家自然科学基金(51720105003);国家自然科学基金(21790052);国家自然科学基金(52102035);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB36030100);北京分子科学国家研究中心(BNLMS-CXTD-202001);中国石油大学(北京)科学基金(ZX20230047)

Submicron-Sized, High Crystalline Graphene-Reinforced Meta-Aramid Fibers with Enhanced Tensile Strength

Zhenfei Gao1,3, Qingquan Song2, Zhihua Xiao1,3,4, Zhaolong Li1,3,5, Tao Li3, Jiajun Luo1,3, Shanshan Wang1, Wanli Zhou6, Lanying Li1,6, Junrong Yu2,*(), Jin Zhang1,3,*()   

  1. 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    2 State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    3 Division of Graphene Fiber Technology, Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, China
    4 State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
    5 State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
    6 China Bluestar Chengrand Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2023-07-24 Accepted:2023-09-08 Published:2023-09-12
  • Contact: Junrong Yu, Jin Zhang E-mail:yjr@dhu.edu.cn;jinzhang@pku.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2022YFA1203302);the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2022YFA1203304);the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0200100);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52021006);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51720105003);National Natural Science Foundation of China(21790052);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52102035);Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDB36030100);Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS-CXTD-202001);Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum (Beijing)(ZX20230047)

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摘要：

芳纶纤维具有优异的综合性能，在各种工业应用中备受青睐。其中，间位芳纶纤维，也称聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺(PMIA)纤维，兼具阻燃、耐高温、电隔离和高化学稳定性。其织物材料广泛应用于防火、防热等行业。然而，由于分子链中酰胺和苯环键之间缺乏偶联，内旋能低，导致PMIA纤维链段柔软、结晶度低，展现出较低的机械强度。因此，迫切需要改善这些纤维的机械特性，以扩大其应用范围。纳米复合材料的可以赋予基体材料许多独特特性。其中，石墨烯纳米复合材料占据突出地位。石墨烯面内的苯环结构使其可以有效增强芳香族和脂肪族类聚合物材料。此外，与大尺寸的石墨烯相比，小尺寸的石墨烯在聚合物基体中表现出更好的分散性，可在纤维类聚合物材料中展现出更明显的增强效应。因此，使用高品质、小尺寸的石墨烯是增强聚合物基体的有效手段。我们的研究展示了亚微米尺寸的石墨烯如何改善PMIA纤维的结构完整性和增加机械强度。结果显示，与未改性的PMIA纤维相比，拉伸强度显著提高46%。鉴于该方法的有效性，可以采用此种“小尺寸、高品质”的石墨烯来开发更强韧且更具商用价值的碳基纳米复合纤维。

关键词: 亚微米级石墨烯, 间位芳纶纤维, 剪切分散, 拉伸强度, 内部结构优化

Abstract:

Aramid fiber is highly regarded for its outstanding properties and is widely used in various industrial applications. Among the different types of aramid fibers, meta-aramids, particularly poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA), are known for their exceptional flame retardance, high-temperature resistance, excellent electrical insulation, and remarkable chemical stability. As a result, PMIA-based materials find extensive use in industries focused on fire prevention, heat protection, and related applications. However, PMIA fibers have limitations due to the lack of conjugation between amide and benzene ring bonds in their molecular structure, resulting in flexible segments with low crystallinity, which in turn leads to inferior mechanical strength. Researchers have shown great interest in nanocomposites as a means to overcome these limitations. In this context, graphene nanocomposites have gained significant attention. Graphene, with its benzene ring arrangement within its layers, easily bonds with polymers possessing a similar structure. This property makes graphene a promising candidate for enhancing the mechanical strength of aromatic polymers like PMIA. Moreover, small-sized graphene particles exhibit superior dispersibility within fibrous polymer matrices, leading to more effective reinforcement compared to larger graphene sheets. Consequently, incorporating high-quality, small-sized graphene into polymer matrices can substantially improve the properties of these polymers. There is a growing demand for enhancing the mechanical characteristics of aramid fibers to expand their applications beyond traditional uses. This research demonstrates how sub-micron-sized graphene improves the structural integrity and mechanical strength of PMIA fibers. The results show a remarkable 46% enhancement in tensile strength compared to unmodified PMIA fibers. While the graphene/PMIA fiber exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, it also holds great potential for applications in wearables, flexible sensors, and various other domains, thanks to graphene's versatile characteristics. This research underscores the importance of utilizing small-sized, high-quality graphene to develop more robust carbonaceous nanocomposite fibers suitable for a wide range of commercial purposes. Beyond its immediate impact on PMIA fibers, this research represents a significant step forward in advancing the utilization and growth of graphene materials in various applications.

Key words: Sub-micron-sized graphene, Meta-aramid fiber, Shear dispersion, Tensile strength, Internal structure optimization