KI/NH3协同催化CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯的反应机理

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110615

Abstract

Abstract:

The reaction mechanisms for the preparation of propylene carbonate (PC) from propylene oxide (PO) and CO₂ in the absence of a catalyst or by catalysis using KI or KI/NH₃ were studied in detail using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G^** level (I atom using the MIDIX basis set). The geometric configurations of the reactants, intermediates, transition states, and products were optimized. Vibration analysis and the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) of the reactions proved that the intermediates and transition states predicted were present. The natural bond orbital (NBO) and atoms in molecules (AIM) theories were used to determine the orbital interactions and the bond nature at the same level. The results reveal that PO+CO₂→M0a→TS0c→M0c→TS0c′→PC is the main reaction channel in the absence of the catalyst and it has a high energy barrier of 200.65 kJ·mol^-1. The energy barrier is reduced to 187.40 kJ·mol^-1 in the presence of KI, and it has a slow reaction rate. However, the energy barrier is reduced to 154.64 kJ·mol^-1 and the reaction rate increases considerably upon promotion by KI/NH₃, possibly because of the formation of hydrogen bonds between H in NH₃ and O in CO₂ or PO, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.

Key words: KI, NH₃, Catalysis, Propylene oxide, Propylene carbonate, Reaction mechanism

DENG Ping, ZHANG Hai-Dong, JIANG Jun-Hao, JIANG Qi-Hua. Reaction Mechanism for Propylene Carbonate Prepared by KI/NH₃ Catalysis from Propylene Oxide and CO₂[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2011, 27(06), 1386-1392. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110615

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Reaction Mechanism for Propylene Carbonate Prepared by KI/NH₃ Catalysis from Propylene Oxide and CO₂

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Reaction Mechanism for Propylene Carbonate Prepared by KI/NH₃ Catalysis from Propylene Oxide and CO₂