物理化学学报 >> 2026, Vol. 42 >> Issue (2): 100130.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100130

所属专题： 电化学分离与资源化

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通过热压法构建具有高效离子传输路径的无溶剂LiFePO4卤水提锂电极

张慧1,†, 赵子健1,†, 王雅静1, 倪凯1, 王彦飞1,*(), 朱亮2, 刘建允3,*(), 赵晓昱1,2,*()   

  1. 1 天津科技大学化工与材料学院, 天津市卤水化工与资源生态利用重点实验室, 天津 300457
    2 天津科技大学生物基纤维材料国家重点实验室, 天津 300457
    3 东华大学环境科学与工程学院, 生态环境部纺织污染控制工程中心, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-06 修回日期:2025-07-08 录用日期:2025-07-14 发布日期:2025-12-03
  • 通讯作者: Email: xyz@tust.edu.cn (赵晓昱)wangyanfei@tust.edu.cn (王彦飞)jianyun.liu@dhu.edu.cn (刘建允)
  • 作者简介:

    †这些作者对这项工作做出了同等贡献

Structurally engineered solvent-free LiFePO4 electrodes via hot-pressing with efficient ion transport pathways for lithium extraction from brine

Hui Zhang1, Zijian Zhao1, Yajing Wang1, Kai Ni1, Yanfei Wang1,*(), Liang Zhu2, Jianyun Liu3,*(), Xiaoyu Zhao1,2,*()   

  1. 1 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Materials, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
    3 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2025-06-06 Revised:2025-07-08 Accepted:2025-07-14 Published:2025-12-03
  • Contact: Email: xyz@tust.edu.cn (Xiaoyu Zhao)wangyanfei@tust.edu.cn (Yanfei Wang)jianyun.liu@dhu.edu.cn (Jianyun Liu)

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摘要：

构建具有优异离子传输特性的高载量电极，对于通过电化学方法从卤水中高效提取锂至关重要。本文报道了一种无溶剂热压策略，用于制造结构优化的LiFePO4电极，该电极具有优异的电化学性能和机械稳定性。通过采用蚀刻钛箔作为集流体，并引入多壁碳纳米管作为导电添加剂，成功构建了三维互连的多孔结构，从而加速了离子扩散并提高了电极结构的完整性。基于Micro-CT和Avizo分析的结果表明：与传统湿法涂覆电极相比，热压电极具有更高的孔隙率、更低的曲折度以及更连通的离子传输通道。电化学测试表明，热压电极具有更高的锂离子扩散系数和更低的电荷转移电阻。在优化条件下，质量负载为19.4 mg cm-2的热压电极在Uyuni模拟卤水中经过15次循环后，锂提取容量达到4.13 mg cm-2，纯度为93.91%。本研究建立了一种可扩展的热压方法，并阐明了其在锂选择性电化学分离中的基本物理化学优势。

关键词: 热压, 无溶剂, 离子传输路径, 电化学锂提取

Abstract:

The development of high-mass-loading electrodes with robust ion transport characteristics is crucial for efficient electrochemical lithium extraction from brine. Herein, we report a solvent-free hot-pressing strategy to fabricate structurally engineered LiFePO4 electrodes with enhanced electrochemical performance and mechanical stability. By integrating etched titanium foil as a current collector and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a conductive additive, a three-dimensionally interconnected porous structure was formed, enabling accelerated ion diffusion and improved structural integrity. Micro-CT and Avizo-based analysis revealed that the dry press-coated electrodes possess higher porosity, lower tortuosity and more connected ion channels compared to conventional slurry-coated electrodes. Electrochemical tests demonstrated a significantly higher lithium-ion diffusion coefficient and lower charge transfer resistance of the dry press-coated electrodes. Under optimized conditions, the dry press-coated electrodes, possessing a mass loading of 19.4 mg cm-2, delivered a lithium extraction capacity of 4.13 mg cm-2 with a purity of 93.91% over 15 cycles in simulated Uyuni brine. This work establishes a scalable hot-pressing method and elucidates its fundamental physicochemical advantages for lithium-selective electrochemical separation.

Key words: Hot-pressing, Solvent-free, Ions transport pathways, Electrochemical lithium extraction