物理化学学报 >> 2026, Vol. 42 >> Issue (8): 100323.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100323

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构建富硒空位的SiC@CoSe2−x纳米复合材料以增强偶极和界面极化促进电磁波吸收

田忠宁1, 刘金源1, 张猛1,*(), 贾千千1, 刘名博1, 李镇江1,*(), 王婷2, 赵文婕3, 马东威4, 齐学礼5,*()   

  1. 1 青岛科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 山东 青岛 266042
    2 青岛科技大学化工学院, 山东 青岛 266042
    3 青岛科技大学中德科技学院, 山东 青岛 266061
    4 湖北汽车工业学院汽车材料学院, 湖北 十堰 442002
    5 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司, 山东 淄博 255000
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-21 修回日期:2026-05-08 录用日期:2026-05-11 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 通讯作者: Email: mengzhang@qust.edu.cn (张猛)zhenjiangli@qust.edu.cn (李镇江)qi-xl@163.com (齐学礼)

Constructing selenium-vacancy-rich SiC@CoSe2−x nanocomposites to boost dipole and interfacial polarization for electromagnetic wave absorption

Zhongning Tian1, Jinyuan Liu1, Meng Zhang1,*(), Qianqian Jia1, Mingbo Liu1, Zhenjiang Li1,*(), Ting Wang2, Wenjie Zhao3, Dongwei Ma4, Xueli Qi5,*()   

  1. 1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong Province, China
    2 College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, Shandong Province, China
    3 Sino-German College of Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, Shandong Province, China
    4 School of Automotive Materials, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, Hubei Province, China
    5 Shandong Industrial Ceramic Research & Design institute Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2026-03-21 Revised:2026-05-08 Accepted:2026-05-11 Published:2026-06-11
  • Contact: Email: mengzhang@qust.edu.cn (Meng Zhang)zhenjiangli@qust.edu.cn (Zhenjiang Li)qi-xl@163.com (Xueli Qi)

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摘要：

材料掺杂与缺陷工程是调控电磁波吸收性能的两种有效策略。本研究针对碳化硅(SiC)纳米线存在的阻抗匹配失配与吸波能力较差的问题，通过水热合成结合一步煅烧法，成功将氧化钴(Co3O4)纳米颗粒锚定在SiC纳米线表面。随后通过二次水热策略及后续还原处理，将合成的Co3O4分别转化为SiC@CoSe2和SiC@CoSe2−x复合材料，使SiC@CoSe2−x纳米复合材料展现出优异的电磁波吸收性能。在导电损耗、极化损耗与磁损耗的协同作用下，优化后的纳米复合材料在1.9 mm厚度处取得−50.23 dB的最小反射损耗(RLmin)，并在2.03 mm厚度下实现7.84 GHz的有效吸收带宽(EAB)，覆盖部分X波段及整个Ku波段。通过系统阐释电磁衰减机制，揭示了CoSe2基纳米材料在电磁波吸收应用中的广阔前景。

关键词: 硒空位, 二硒化钴, 电磁波衰减, 介电损耗, 偶极极化

Abstract:

Material hybridization and defect engineering are two effective strategies for tailoring electromagnetic wave absorption performance. In this work, to address the imbalanced impedance matching and weak absorption capability arising from the silicon carbide (SiC) nanowires, cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles were successfully anchored onto the SiC nanowire surfaces via hydrothermal synthesis followed by one-step calcination. Subsequently, the synthesized Co3O4 was transformed into SiC@CoSe2 and SiC@CoSe2−x respectively through secondary hydrothermal strategy and followed reduction treatment, which endows the SiC@CoSe2−x nanocomposite with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performances. Under the combined effect of conductive loss, polarization loss, and magnetic loss, the optimized nanocomposite exhibits a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −50.23 dB at a thickness of 1.9 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.84 GHz at a thickness of 2.03 mm, covering portions of the X-band and the entire Ku-band. The electromagnetic attenuation mechanisms were systematically elucidated, revealing the promising potential of CoSe2-based nanomaterials in electromagnetic wave absorption applications.

Key words: Selenium vacancies, CoSe2, Electromagnetic wave attenuation, Dielectric loss, Dipole polarization