构建一维磁性双金属@碳@氮掺杂碳纳米纤维的通用策略以实现高效微波吸收

doi:10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100409

Abstract

Abstract: Developing lightweight microwave absorbers with strong attenuation and favorable impedance matching remains challenging. Herein, a composition and temperature-regulated strategy is developed to fabricate one-dimensional (1D) binary magnetic bimetal@carbon (C)@nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through the electrospinning of Prussian blue analogue@phenolic resin@polyacrylonitrile precursors followed by thermal conversion. The spatial confinement of precursor particles within PAN-derived nanofibers effectively preserves the continuous fibrous framework and restricts the aggregation of alloy nanoparticles, thereby generating abundant magnetic bimetal/C/CNFs heterogeneous interfaces. Carbonization temperature and precursor loading are used to regulate the graphitization degree, dielectric response, attenuation capability, and impedance matching characteristics. Among the samples, the designed CoFe@C@CNFs exhibits the optimum electromagnetic wave absorption performance with a minimum reflection loss of −57.52 dB and an EAB of 5.20 GHz at 1.92 mm. CST simulations further confirms the effective radar cross-section reduction of the CoFe@C@CNFs. Moreover, the approach is extendable to CoNi and FeNi alloy systems. This work provides a versatile route for constructing composition-tunable 1D binary magnetic bimetal@C@CNFs for electromagnetic wave absorption applications.

Key words: Electrospinning-assisted confinement strategy, Binary magnetic bimetal@C@CNFs, Tunable Composition, Electromagnetic wave absorption

Ziqi Zhang, Hemin Wang, Beijia Xu, Junxiong Xiao, Shucheng Liu, Jing-Liang Yang, Beibei Zhan, Zhenqian Zhang, Xiaosi Qi. A generalizable strategy for constructing one-dimensional magnetic bimetal@carbon@nitrogen doped carbon banofibers towards high-efﬁcient microwave absorption[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2026, (), 0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100409

References

[1] Z.M. Tang, L. Xu, C. Xie, L.R. Guo, L.B. Zhang, S.H. Guo, J.H. Peng, Nat. Commun. 14(1) (2023) 5951, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41697-6.
[2] W.X. Zhao, Z.Q. Guo, D. Lan, Z.R. Jia, S.T. Zhang, G.L. Wu, Small 21(45) (2025) e09339, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509339.
[3] J.M. Qi, C.B. Liang, K.P. Ruan, M.K. Li, H. Guo, M.K. He, H. Qiu, Y.Q. Guo, J.W. Gu, Natl. Sci. Rev. 12(11) (2025) nwaf394, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf394.
[4] H. Ding, Y.B Li, Y. Wang, W.K. Song, X. Wang, X.J. Han, P. Xu, Y.C. Du, Nano-Micro Lett. 18(2026) 358, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02203-x.
[5] M.K. He, X. Zhong, X. Lu, J.W. Hu, K.P. Ruan, H. Guo, Y.L. Zhang, Y.Q. Guo, J.W. Gu, Adv. Mater. 36(48) (2024) 2410186, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202410186.
[6] Y.J. Wang, C.X. Zhao, Y.Z. Tian, Y. Sun, M.F. Zhang, K.J. Wang, B.H. Xia, Y. Wang, T. Li, X.H. Zhang, et al., Adv. Sci. 12(10) (2025) 2411932, https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202411932.
[7] M.H. Guo, H. Yuan, K. Ni, C.R. Ye, F. Pan, J. Xiong, Y.W. Zhu, Adv. Sci. 12(7) (2025) 2410088, https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202410088.
[8] J.X. Xiao, B.B. Zhan, Z.Y. Tan, J.F. Ding, Y.P. Qu, X. Gong, Q. Peng, W. Zhong, Y.L. Chen, X.S. Qi, InfoMat 8(4) (2026) 70127, https://doi.org/10.1002/inf2.70127.
[9] C.Y. Xu, K.C. Luo, Y.Q. Du, X.W. Lv, C. Zhang, W.B. You, H.W. Cheng, R.C. Che, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35(52) (2025) 2512806, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202512806.
[10] Y.N. Peng, X.W. Meng, H.T. Wei, L.T. Tao, Z.X. Wei, Q. Sun, S.L. Zhao, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35(26) (2025) 2423405, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423405
[11] X. Zhang, H.Y. Wang, Y.L. Hao, Y.P. Qu, X.H. Wang, W.Y. Jiang, H.F. Li, C.Y. Deng, X.S. Qi, Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 42(9) (2026) 100326, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100326.
[12] H.P. Xiang, Y. Liu, X.H. Zhao, Q. Wang, W.X. Zheng, L. Zhang, X.L. Su, C.Y. Xiong, Nano Res. 19(5) (2026) 94908494, https://doi.org/10.26599/nr.2026.94908494.
[13] R.C. Che, Y. Huang, H.L. Lv, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35(18) (2025) 2502464, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202502464.
[14] D.W. Liu, L. Yang, F.Y. Wang, H. Zhang, J. Liu, T. Lv, H.J. Zhao, Y.C. Du, Carbon 196(2022) 867, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2022.05.057.
[15] C. Yi, J. X. Hu, J. Wang, W.F. Wang, Z. Lin, W.Y. Yang, L. Xiao, F.Z. Pan, W.R. Yan, X.Y. Huang, W.Q. Wang, D. Zhao, J.B. Yang, G.G. Tan, X. Chi, Adv. Mater. 38(33) (2026) e73310, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73310.
[16] X.W. Tang, K. Wang, M.Y. Xu, J.Z. Wang, Y.X. Zhu, X.Y. Jiang, W. Hong, W. Li, K.X. Lai, S.S. Li, et al., Adv. Funct. Mater. 36(39) (2026) e74633, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.74633.
[17] C.X. Liu, J.Z. Li, S. Li, Z.Q. Guo, Y. Chen, T. Li, R.C. Qin, J.X. Sun, Y.X. Lu, F.B. Meng, Adv. Sci. 13(21) (2026) 2521945, https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202521945.
[18] M. Zhang, Y. Luo, T.T. Liu, X. Li, M.S. Cao, Carbon 257(2026) 121728, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121728.
[19] M.K. He, J.W. Hu, H. Yan, X. Zhong, Y.L. Zhang, P.B. Liu, J. Kong, J.W. Gu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35(18) (2024) 2316691, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202316691.
[20] R.W. Feng, C.M. Fan, D. Lan, L.X. Liu, Q.C. He, Y.Q. Wang, Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 42(8) (2026) 100301, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100301.
[21] K.B. Cui, C.L. He, J.H. Wu, X. Gao, Y. Li, P. Han, N.N. Sun, Y.F. Wang, X.H. Hao, L. Li, Adv. Mater. 37(44) (2025) e10507, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202510507.
[22] Y.Z. Chen, L.X. Gai, B. Hu, Y. Wang, Y.Y. Chen, X.J. Han, P. Xu, Y.C. Du, Nano-Micro Lett. 18(1) (2025) 71, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01920-z.
[23] D.H. Sheng, Z.R. Song, S.Y. Cheng, W.Q. Wang, Z.L. Chen, R.R. Gao, W.J. Li, A.M. Xie, Carbon 230(2024) 119637, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119637.
[24] S.J. Zhang, J.J. Zheng, C.P. Lv, D. Lan, Q.F. Tian, Z.G. Gao, S.Y. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao, S.C. Cai, G.L. Wu, Carbon 234(2025) 120037, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120037.
[25] M.T. Li, Y.Y. Ma, C.Z. Sun, G.S. Zhu, C.Y. Wang, B. Zhong, L. Xia, Mater. Charact. 233(2026) 116125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116125.
[26] B. Hu, Y.Y. Chen, Y.Z. Chen, X. Wang, X.J. Han, Y.C. Du, Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 42(6) (2026) 100269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100269.
[27] S.J. Zhang, J.J. Zheng, X.W. Liang, D. Lan, L.Y. Niu, X.M. Zhao, Z.W. Zhao, S.Y. Zhang, G.L. Wu, X.C. Li, Small 21(45) (2025) e09237, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202509237.
[28] Q.Q. Liang, B.J. Xu, J.X. Xiao, S.C. Liu, X.C. Kan, Z.Q. Zhang, J.H. Luo, H.F. Li, D. Lan, X.S. Qi, Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. (2026) 100397, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100397.
[29] X. Wang, P.X. Ou, Q. Zheng, L.J. Wang, W. Jiang, Small 20(15) (2023) 2307473, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202307473.
[30] S.H. Wang, X. Liu, Y. Juan, J.Y. Li, T.Y. Zhang, W. Wang, Nano Res. 19(3) (2026) 94908309, https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94908309.
[31] Z.X. Wang, Z.R. Jia, J.W. Ren, L. Wang, D. Lan, S.Y. Zhang, X.T. Shi, X.H. Liu, Z.G. Gao, G.L. Wu, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 235(2025) 81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.03.015.
[32] J.X. Chen, Z. Liu, L.Q. Zhang, C. Liu, C.L. Zhu, H.L. Wang, P.B. Liu, Carbon 243(2025) 120575, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120575.
[33] Q.Q. Liang, B.B. Zhan, X.S. Qi, J.L. Yang, J.F. Ding, Y.P. Qu, W. Zhong, A.M. Xie, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 8(6) (2025) 422, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-025-01514-8.
[34] B.Q. Zhou, L.F. Tang, H.C. Cheng, M. Ahmad, J.F. Wu, L. Zhang, D. Lan, B.L. Zhang, Nano Res. 18(9) (2025) 94907739, https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907739.
[35] L.X. Gai, Y.Z. Chen, Y. Wang, X.J. Han, P. Xu, Y.C. Du, J. Adv. Ceram. 14(12) (2025) 9221212, https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2025.9221212.
[36] S.J. Zhang, J.J. Zheng, Z.W. Zhao, S.X. Du, D. Lan, Z.G. Gao, G.L. Wu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 36(1) (2026) 2513762, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202513762.
[37] L.Y. Li, J.X. Bai, Z. Ma, M. Jiang, Q. Cao, M.S. Cao, Carbon 244(2025) 120722, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120722.
[38] B. Jiang, C. Zhang, W. Yang, S.X. Du, S. Liu, J.Y. Dong, B. Long, P. Yan, R. Mao, Y.F. Li, Rare Metals 45(1) (2026) e70012, https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70012.
[39] D.Q. Cheng, J.H. Shi, S.S. Mao, D. Lan, Z.H. Liu, J.H. Luo, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. (2026) 1674, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-026-3499-1.
[40] H.M. Wang, B.B. Zhan, Y.R. Zhang, Z.Y. Tan, J.F. Ding, Y.L. Chen, Y.P. Qu, X.S. Qi, Research 9(2025) 1051, https://doi.org/10.34133/research.1051.
[41] Z.Q. Guo, D. Lan, Z.R. Jia, Z.G. Gao, X.T. Shi, M.K. He, H. Guo, G.L. Wu, P.F. Yin, Nano-Micro Lett. 17(1) (2024) 23, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01527-w.
[42] S.J. Zhang, J.J. Zheng, D. Lan, Z.G. Gao, X.W. Liang, Q.F. Tian, Z.W. Zhao, G.L. Wu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 35(3) (2025) 2413884, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202413884.
[43] J.F. Wang, M. Xia, J.N. Sun, H.Y. Zhang, Q.H. Sun, J.W. Wang, M. Nasir, X. Jian, Rare Metals 44(1) (2025) 489, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-024-02913-4.
[44] B. Hao, Z.H. Chai, M. Li, J.J. Duan, Y. Zhang, Y.B Zhang, C.P. Li, C.H. Gong, Soft Sci. 5(3) (2025) 39, https://doi.org/10.20517/ss.2025.48.
[45] L. Wang, W.W. Dong, S.H. Tu, H. Xue, Y. Jiang, Rare Metals 45(6) (2026) e70383, https://doi.org/10.1002/rar2.70383.
[46] L.T. Huang, C.H. Bai, J.Y. Jia, Y.J. Chen, C.L. Zhu, X.Z. Ma, X. Zhang, Carbon 243(2025) 120592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120592.
[47] ] Y. Guo, D.D. Wang, Y. Tian, J.W. Wang, T.T. Bai, H. Liu, Z.H. Guo, C. Liu, C.Y. Shen, J. Mater. Chem. C 10(1) (2022) 126, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TC04494j.
[48] L. Wang, L.Y. Dong, Y. Kong, A.L. Chen, J. Mater. Sci-Mater. El. 36(1) (2025) 81, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-14146-3.
[49] S.H. Tan, C.Y. Cui, S.W. Ma, L.S. Zhu, X.G. Liu, Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 42(7) (2026) 100283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100283.
[50] L.L. Xing, H.R. Cheng, Y. Li, Q. Chen, C.T. Liu, C.Y. Shen, X.H. Liu, Small 21(1) (2025) 2407337, https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202407337.
[51] S.S. Lin, T.R. Li, J. Yu, K. Wang, C. Zhang, X.D. Ma, X.K. Li, J.X. Meng, X.R. Zhu, X.K. Zhang, et al., J. Alloy. Compd. 1046(2025) 184854, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.184854.
[52] G.F. Shao, Y.Y. Yang, S.W. Jia, G.Y. Yu, X.L. Nan, C.X. Li, X.G. Huang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 36(10) (2026) e16078, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202516078.
[53] S.H. Liu, C.Z. Shen, Z.J. Deng, X.H. Huan, B. Du, Y.S. Zhao, H.F. Li, C.Y. Xu, W.B. You, R.C. Che, Adv. Funct. Mater. 36(45) (2026) e75267, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.75267.
[54] H.X. Xu, G.Z. Zhang, Y. Wang, M.Q. Ning, B. Ouyang, Y. Zhao, Y. Huang, P.B. Liu, Nano-Micro Lett. 14(1) (2022) 102, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00841-5.
[55] W.X. Hou, K. Peng, S.K. Li, F.Z. Huang, B.J. Wang, X.Y. Yu, H.X. Yang, H. Zhang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 646(2023) 265, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.049.
[56] L. Wang, M.Q. Huang, X.F. Yu, W.B. You, J. Zhang, X.H. Liu, M. Wang, R.C. Che, Nano-Micro Lett. 12(1) (2020) 150, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00488-0.
[57] Y.T. Gao, C.M. Fan, D. Lan, J. Chen, L.X. Liu, Q.C. He, Y.Q. Wang, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. (2026) 1674, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-026-3517-3.
[58] L. S. Zhu, C. Y. Cui, T. Jing, S. H. Tan, X. G. Liu, M. L. Yu, Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 42(2026) 100331, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100331.
[59] H.M. Wang, J.X. Xiao, Y.Z. Wu, Z.Q. Yang, X.C. Kan, J.F. Ding, Z.Q. Zhang, X.K. Zhang, X.S. Qi, Adv. Funct. Mater. 36(64) (2026) e76998, https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.76998.
[60] R.S. Li, Y.P. Huangfu, L.L. Liu, J.S. Hu, D. Zeng, Y.C. Wang, D.D. Fan, R. Zhang, B. Zhao, ACS Nano 19(2) (2025) 2777, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c15343.
[61] J.X. Chen, P.G. Chen, Y.L. Zhu, F. Chen, M.K. Qiao, J. Wu, X.C. Li, Carbon 245(2025) 120823, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120823.

A generalizable strategy for constructing one-dimensional magnetic bimetal@carbon@nitrogen doped carbon banofibers towards high-efﬁcient microwave absorption

Full text @ ScienceDirect

Like

Supplement

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 14

Metrics

Recommended 0

[1]	Jing Yan, Zenan Zhang, Dongwei Ma, Xinyi Zhang, Zhuodong Ye, Xuefang Chen. Melamine-assisted topotactic transformation of MOFs into needle-like α-MoC/β-Mo₂C for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption and corrosion resistance [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(9): 100328-.
[2]	Jun Wang, Yibo Wang, Jiran Wu, Dashuang Wang, Cheng Liu, Haiming Huang, Youyong Wang, Chuankun Zhang. Synergizing magnetic exchange resonance and hierarchical dielectric relaxation in multiphase core-shell heterojunctions for efficient microwave dissipation [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(9): 100336-.
[3]	Shihao Yang, Zhiqiang Guo, Zirui Jia, Yi Liu, Dingshuo Wang, Zengchao Li, Haifeng Li, Hua Qiu, Guanglei Wu. Precisely engineered heterointerfaces in bimetallic MOFs enable multiscale polarization synergy for efficient electromagnetic attenuation [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(9): 100348-.
[4]	Renwei Feng, Congmin Fan, Di Lan, Lanxiang Liu, Qinchuan He, Yiqun Wang. Anchoring strategy-induced conductive loss in Ni-MOF@expanded graphite composites to achieve broadband microwave absorption [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(8): 100301-.
[5]	Shuai Zhang, Haifeng Li, Shijie Zhang, Shun Wang, Suxuan Du, Zhiwei Zhao, Xiaomiao Zhao, Xiaowei Liang. Microwave assisted construction of Ta₂CT_x MXene/CuInS₂ heterostructures toward enhanced dielectric loss and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(8): 100305-.
[6]	Zhiqing Jia, Xinju Gong, Di Lan, Huanhuan Sun, Yu Liu, Yuping Gao, Siyao Guo. Electrostatically induced dual-coupled interfaces of defect polarization enhanced PBA/MXene heterostructures for boosting electromagnetic wave absorption [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(8): 100312-.
[7]	Zirui Jia, Zehua Zhou, Shuang Xu, Yuan Wang, Mengjia Shi, Mengting He, Chuankun Zhang, Di Lan. Two birds with one stone: phosphorus doping to enhance conduction loss and dipole polarization for electromagnetic wave absorber [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(8): 100310-.
[8]	Weiheng Liu, Juhua Luo, Jiahuan Shi, Di Lan, Shuangshuang Mao, Yu Xie. Honeycomb-like BiCo@NC composites derived from bimetallic organic frameworks for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(8): 100313-.
[9]	Guangrong Wu, Jiahui Zhu, Xiaomeng Guo, Changmiao Zhang, Mengting He, Hua Qiu, Dongwei Ma. Construction of Schottky barrier and the enhanced interface polarization effect of C@ZnO/Sn@GaN for high performance electromagnetic wave absorption [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(8): 100324-.
[10]	Shuangshuang Mao, Juhua Luo, Bingjie Han, Jiahuan Shi, Yujia Gu. Covalent organic framework-derived Fe₃C/NC/TiO₂ heterostructures for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(7): 100290-.
[11]	Bo Hu, Yanyi Chen, Yongzheng Chen, Xuan Wang, Xijiang Han, Yunchen Du. Theoretical guidance for the rational design of FeCo foams toward efficient electromagnetic wave absorption in 2.0–8.0 GHz range [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(6): 100269-.
[12]	Yuqi Zhai, Mengzhu Liu, Junhao Hu, Yongpeng Wang. Strengthening of Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI composites with ‘reinforced concrete’ structure and high electromagnetic wave absorption performance [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2026, 42(10): 100248-.
[13]	LIN Xu-Feng, XI Yan-Yan, LIN De-Lian. Controllable Synthesis of Zn_xCd_1-xS Nanowires with Tunable Optical Properties [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2014, 30(3): 576-582.
[14]	ZHANG Zeng-Fu; LUO Guo-Hua; FAN Zhuang-Jun; XIANG Rong; ZHOU Li; WEI Fei. Complex Permittivity and Permeability Spectra of Different Kinds of Carbon Nanotubes [J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2006, 22(03): 296-300.