Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin.

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Engineering organic-inorganic tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin/Bi4O5Br2 S-scheme interfaces for efficient photoinduced carrier separation and antibiotic degradation

Fenglan Liang1, Yanping Liu2, Xiaobing Wang3, Xin Yu4, Fang Yang5, Yang Guo6, Deyun Ma1, Shijie Li2   

  1. 1 School of Life sciences, School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, Guangdong Province, China;
    2 Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang Province, China;
    3 School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, Guangdong Province, China;
    4 State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Synthesis and Conversion, College of New Energy and Intelligent Manufacturing, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China;
    5 College of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201600, China;
    6 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2026-06-30 Revised:2026-08-05 Accepted:2026-08-06
  • Contact: Yanping Liu, Deyun Ma, Xin Yu, Shijie Li E-mail:liuyp@zjou.edu.cn;mady@zqu.edu.cn;xinyu@henu.edu.cn;lishijie@zjou.edu.cn

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Abstract: Pharmaceutical contamination of water bodies poses a growing environmental threat, calling for advanced oxidation technologies capable of complete pollutant removal. Photocatalysis offers a sustainable solution, yet its broader application is hindered by inefficient utilization of charge-carrier. Here, we construct an organic-inorganic S-scheme heterojunction, tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin/ Bi4O5Br2 (TCPP/BB), via interfacial grafting of TCPP onto BB nanosheets. The optimized TCPP/BB heterojunction delivers superior photo-oxidative activity, achieving a tetracycline (TC) degradation efficiency of 92.7% within 60 min of visible-light illumination and marking a 0.69-fold enhancement over pristine BB (54.8%). Systematic experimental characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) computations reveal that the built-in electric field across the TCPP/BB heterointerface steers a robust S-scheme charge-migration pathway. Crucially, this configuration not only facilitates the spatial isolation of photogenerated carriers but also safeguards their high-energy redox capacities, thereby ensuring efficient surface reactions. Mechanistic studies, including in situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and radical scavenging assays, identify ·O2- and h+ as the dominant reactive species. These results highlight the transformative potential of organic-inorganic S-scheme heterostructure concept for efficient water cleanup, offering a sustainable solution to water contamination.

Key words: Organic-inorganic heterojunction, Bi4O5Br2, Tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP), Internal electric field, S-scheme mechanism, Photocatalysis