Fig 1

Schematic diagram of the synthesis process of ZIS1−x/UCN photocatalyst."

Fig 2

(a) XRD patterns, (b) FT-IR spectra, (c) N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and (d) average pore diameter distribution curves of the as-prepared samples."

Fig 3

FESEM images of UCN (a), ZIS1−x (b), and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 (c); TEM of UCN (d), ZIS1−x (e), and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 (f, g); HRTEM images of ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 (h–j); Line profiles across crystal planes shown in (k, l); TEM image and corresponding EDS element mapping images of ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 (m)."

Fig 4

(a) UV-visible diffuse reflection spectra of the prepared samples, (b) the corresponding Tauc's plots of the UCN and ZIS1−x."

Fig 5

UPS spectra and Mott−Schottky plots of UCN and ZIS1−x. (a, d) Valence-band spectra. (b, e) Secondary electron cutoff. (c, f) Mott-Schottky plots."

Fig 6

(a) Band diagram of UCN and ZIS1−x. In situ and ex situ XPS spectra of (b) C 1s, (c) N 1s, (d) Zn 2p, (e) In 3d, (f) S 2p. (g) Schematic illustration of the formation and charge transfer pathway of ZIS1−x/UCN S-scheme heterojunction."

Fig 7

XAFS of ZIS1−x, UCN and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0: (a) In M-edge, (b) N K-edge spectra. In situ XAFS of ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 under dark and light conditions: (c) In M-edge, (d) N K-edge spectra."

Fig 8

Photocatalytic H2O2 production over time under visible light irradiation: (a) in pure water system, (b) in TC system. (c) H2O2 formation rate constant (Kf) and decomposition rate constant (Kd). (d) Simultaneous degradation curves of TC during H2O2 production process."

Fig 9

(a) PL spectra, (b) TRPL spectra, (c) transient photocurrent responses, and (d) EIS spectra of UCN, ZIS1−x and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 samples."

Fig 10

(a–c) The pseudocolor plots of UCN, ZIS1-x, and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0. (d–f) TAS signals of UCN, ZIS1−x and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0. (g, h) Normalized decay kinetics and fitted curves for UCN, ZIS1−x and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 at 420 nm. (i) Schematic illustration of the decay pathways of photoinduced electrons in ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0."

Fig 11

(a, b) EPR spectra of DMPO−·O2− and DMPO−·OH− over UCN, ZIS1−x, and ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 samples. (c, d) H2O2 production and synergistic TC degradation rate diagrams of ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 under different scavengers and atmospheres. (e, f) In situ DRIFT spectra of ZIS1−x/UCN-1.0 in darkness and under irradiation."