废弃医用口罩衍生的碳量子点增强BiOBr/g-C3N4 S型异质结光催化降解聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)

doi:10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100135

Abstract

Abstract:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the necessity of medical masks, and to date, many waste masks have been discarded without being reprocessed, causing environmental harm. PET, a commonly used plastic product, presents certain hurdles to its natural degradation. In this work, waste medical masks were converted into carbon quantum dots (MCQDs) with blue fluorescence emissions using a simple solvothermal process and then doped into BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ composite material to construct S-scheme heterojunctions for PET degradation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that an interfacial electric field (IEF) was formed between g-C₃N₄ and BiOBr. The findings demonstrate that the MCQDs, as a cocatalyst for electron transmission and storage, encourage S-scheme heterojunctions to further separate photogenerated electrons and holes. Levofloxacin (LEV) was used as a molecular probe to visually compare the catalytic activities of various catalysts. These catalysts with different photocatalytic activity were then used to degrade PET. The findings demonstrate that the degradation efficiency of PET over the BiOBr/g-C₃N₄/3MCQDs in seawater is 39.88 ± 1.04% (weight loss), which is 1.37 times higher than that of BiOBr/g-C₃N₄, and also better than those reported in most of the literature. Free radical capture tests, electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) experiments uncovered and briefly revealed the key products in the photocatalytic degradation of PET, as well as the relevant mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of PET. The degradation products are expected to become precursors for the further production of polymers and medicines, etc. This study offers fresh perspectives for the creation of innovative photocatalysts for the ecologically benign breakdown of PET, which helps to further lessen environmental damage caused by microplastics (MPs) and enhance resource sustainability.

Key words: Waste medical mask, Photocatalysis, Microplastics, PET degradation, Carbon quantum dots, S-scheme heterojunctions

Shiyi Chen, Jialong Fu, Jianping Qiu, Guoju Chang, Shiyou Hao. Waste medical mask-derived carbon quantum dots enhance the photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) over BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ S-scheme heterojunction[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2026, 42(1), 100135. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100135

Figures/Tables 9

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References 68

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Photocatalyst	Type of plastic	Illuminant	Degradation performance (mg_PET g_cat.⁻¹)	Normalized parameter	Ref.
BOC-S	400 mesh p-PET	300 W Xe lamp	215.53 mg g⁻¹	0.04311	[45]
Bi₂O₃@N-TiO₂	20 × 10 mm² of PET	AM1.5	2.05 ± 0.38 mg g⁻¹	0.00004 ± 0.00001	[49]
C, N-TiO₂/SiO₂	≤ 500 μm of PET	Visible light	93.50–162.20 mg g⁻¹	0.00078 – 0.00135	[50]
Pt@N-TiO₂-1.5%	~25 μm of PET fibers	300 W Xe lamp (AM 1.5)	144.80 ± 12.95 mg g⁻¹	0.00302 ± 0.00027	[51]
Ni₅P₄/TiO₂/C	PET microfibers	500 W Hg lamp	10.38 mg g⁻¹	0.00087	[52]
Ni₂P-Co_xP/ZrO₂/C	PET or its polyester textile	500 W Xe lamp	46.93 ± 10.70 mg g⁻¹	0.00196 ± 0.00045	[53]
Fe₃O₄@SiO₂	1.0 × 2.0 cm² of PET piece	UV-A	1350 mg g⁻¹	0.00703	[54]
25%Co(Ⅱ)/BiPO_4−x	PET-12	Xe lamp	~80 mg g⁻¹	~ 0.01333	[55]
Ni₂P-Cu₃P/TiO₂/C	PET waste textiles	500 W Xe lamp	~333.33 mg g⁻¹	~ 0.00694	[56]
CuO/Bi₂O₃/g-C₃N₄	2 mm of PET	Sunlight	5942.86 mg g⁻¹	0.02476	[57]
BiOBr/g-C₃N₄/3MCQDs	30 μm of PET	300W Hg lamp	265.87 ± 6.93 mg g⁻¹	0.04431 ± 0.00116	This Work

Samples	τ₁ (ns)	A₁ (%)	τ₂ (ns)	A₂ (%)	τ₃ (ns)	A₃ (%)	τ_avg (ns)
BiOBr/g-C₃N₄	1.97	79.60	8.71	21.20	51.66	1.71	15.08
BiOBr/g-C₃N₄/3MCQDs	2.25	89.54	10.84	15.27	63.07	1.13	15.38

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Waste medical mask-derived carbon quantum dots enhance the photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) over BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ S-scheme heterojunction

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Waste medical mask-derived carbon quantum dots enhance the photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) over BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ S-scheme heterojunction