物理化学学报 >> 2026, Vol. 42 >> Issue (6): 100269.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100269

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基于理论计算指导的FeCo合金泡沫设计合成及其在2.0–8.0 GHz范围内的吸波性能研究

胡波1, 陈言轶1, 陈永政1, 王璇1,2, 韩喜江1,*(), 杜耘辰1,*()   

  1. 1 哈尔滨工业大学化工与化学学院, 新能源转换与存储关键材料技术工业和信息化部重点实验室, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
    2 西北工业大学化学与化工学院, 陕西 西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-12 修回日期:2026-02-25 录用日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-04-21
  • 通讯作者: Email: hanxijiang@hit.edu.cn (韩喜江)yunchendu@hit.edu.cn (杜耘辰)

Theoretical guidance for the rational design of FeCo foams toward efficient electromagnetic wave absorption in 2.0–8.0 GHz range

Bo Hu1, Yanyi Chen1, Yongzheng Chen1, Xuan Wang1,2, Xijiang Han1,*(), Yunchen Du1,*()   

  1. 1 MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
    2 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2026-01-12 Revised:2026-02-25 Accepted:2026-02-27 Published:2026-04-21
  • Contact: Email: hanxijiang@hit.edu.cn (Xijiang Han)yunchendu@hit.edu.cn (Yunchen Du)

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摘要：

在中低频段(2.0–8.0 GHz)实现薄涂层条件下的高效电磁(EM)波吸收仍然是一项重要挑战。本文系统研究了实现中低频电磁波吸收所需的电磁参数，并利用CST Microwave Studio软件对目标参数如何通过微观结构设计实现进行了建模与模拟。结果表明，提高相对介电常数实部(εr′)和相对磁导率实部(μr′)有助于在减小涂层厚度的同时实现中低频电磁波吸收。此外，CST模拟结果显示，在相同材料体系及相同体积分数条件下，增大吸波材料的比表面积能够有效提升εr′。在上述理论指导下，成功制备了具有可控比表面积和高磁导率的FeCo立方体、FeCo颗粒及FeCo泡沫。实验结果表明，比表面积的增加可显著提高εr′，从而促进低至中频电磁波吸收性能的提升。最终，FeCo泡沫在C波段实现了3.2 GHz (4.8–8.0 GHz)的有效吸收带宽(EAB)，对应涂层厚度为2.0 mm；在S波段实现了1.5 GHz (2.1–3.6 GHz)的有效吸收带宽，涂层厚度为4.0 mm。本研究为先进中低频电磁波吸收材料的理性设计提供了重要理论依据与设计思路。

关键词: 电磁波吸收, 微观结构设计, FeCo泡沫, 宽频吸收, 比表面积

Abstract:

Effective electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption with minimal coating thickness in the low- to mid-frequency range (2.0–8.0 GHz) remains a significant challenge. Herein, the EM parameters required for low- to mid-frequency EM wave absorption are systematically investigated, and CST Microwave Studio is employed to model and simulate how these target parameters can be realized through microstructural design. The results demonstrate that increasing the real parts of the relative permittivity (εr′) and permeability (μr′) is beneficial for achieving low- to mid-frequency EM wave absorption with reduced coating thickness. Moreover, CST simulations reveal that, for the same material system and identical volume filling fraction, increasing the specific surface area of the absorber contributes to an enhancement of εr′. Guided by these principles, FeCo cubes, FeCo particles, and FeCo foams with controlled specific surface areas and high permeability were synthesized. Experimental results confirm that an increased specific surface area effectively enhances εr′, thereby promoting low- to mid-frequency absorption. As a result, the FeCo foam achieves an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.2 GHz (4.8–8.0 GHz) in the C-band with a coating thickness of 2.0 mm, and 1.5 GHz (2.1–3.6 GHz) in the S-band with a coating thickness of 4.0 mm. This work provides valuable insights into the rational design of advanced low- to mid-frequency EM absorbing materials.

Key words: Electromagnetic wave absorption, Microstructure design, FeCo foam, Wideband absorption, Specific surface area