物理化学学报 >> 2026, Vol. 42 >> Issue (7): 100283.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100283

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层状FeSiBCr引入纳米晶/非晶异质结构实现同步增强吸收、拓宽吸收带宽并降低匹配厚度

谭世豪1, 崔彩云2, 马树玮1, 朱良森1, 刘先国1,*()   

  1. 1 杭州电子科技大学材料与环境工程学院浙江省磁性材料研究院, 浙江 杭州 310012
    2 皖江工学院新能源学院, 安徽 马鞍山 243031
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-11 修回日期:2026-03-08 录用日期:2026-03-09 发布日期:2026-05-22
  • 通讯作者: Email: liuxg@hdu.edu.cn (刘先国)

Introducing nanocrystalline/amorphous heterostructures on laminated FeSiBCr to synchronously enhance absorption, expand absorption bandwidth and reduce matching thickness

Shihao Tan1, Caiyun Cui2, Shuwei Ma1, Liangsen Zhu1, Xianguo Liu1,*()   

  1. 1 Institute of Advanced Magnetic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
    2 School of New Energy, Wanjiang University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243031, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2026-02-11 Revised:2026-03-08 Accepted:2026-03-09 Published:2026-05-22
  • Contact: Email: liuxg@hdu.edu.cn (Xianguo Liu)

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摘要：

同步提升吸波能力、拓宽吸收带宽并降低匹配厚度对单一材料仍是重大挑战。本研究通过立式碾磨非晶FeSiBCr粉末制备出层状粉体。由于碾磨过程中的高能量，层状FeSiBCr中出现了约15 nm的α-Fe相和约3 nm的表面氧化层，由此产生多重介电弛豫、磁-介电界面及平面各向异性。源自晶态/非晶异质结构与氧化层的多重介电弛豫贡献了低介电常数与增强的介电损耗能力，而片状形貌诱导的平面各向异性与α-Fe相则提升了磁导率与磁损耗能力。低介电常数与高磁导率共同促进阻抗匹配。增强的损耗能力与良好的阻抗匹配最终实现优异吸波性能。相较于FeSiBCr片状粉体(2.6 mm厚度下RLm为−8.99 dB，EAB为0 GHz)，层状FeSiBCr在1.8 mm厚度时展现出6.56 GHz的有效吸收带宽(EAB)，在2.0 mm厚度时获得−34.22 dB的最小反射损耗(RLm)。此外，周期性梯度结构激发不同频率的共振形成多重共振叠加，使EAB扩展至13.18 GHz，增幅高达200.9%。该研究为设计具有晶态/非晶异质结构的层状非晶材料提供了新思路，可应用于高效微波吸收体开发。

关键词: 微波吸收性能, FeSiBCr, 核壳结构, 磁-介电界面, 有效吸收带宽

Abstract:

Synchronously enhancing absorption ability, expanding absorption bandwidth, and reducing matching thickness still pose significant challenges for a single material. In this work, laminated powders were prepared by vertically milling amorphous FeSiBCr powder. Due to the high energy during milling process, ~15 nm α-Fe phase and ~3 nm surface oxidation layer appeared in laminated FeSiBCr, which created multiple dielectric relaxation, magnetic-dielectric interface and planar anisotropy. Multiple dielectric relaxation originating from crystalline/amorphous heterostructures and oxide layer contributed to low permittivity and enhanced dielectric loss capacity, planar anisotropy induced by flaky morphology and α-Fe phase improved permeability and magnetic loss ability. Low permittivity and high permeability facilitated impedance matching. Enhanced loss capability and good impedance matching resulted in good absorption performances. Compared with that (RLm of −8.99 dB at 2.6 mm and EAB of 0 GHz) of FeSiBCr flakes, the laminated FeSiBCr exhibited an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.56 GHz at 1.8 mm thickness and the minimal reflection loss (RLm) of −34.22 dB at 2.0 mm. Moreover, the periodic gradient structure excited resonance at different frequencies to form multiple resonance superposition, thus expanding EAB to 13.18 GHz with an increase of up to 200.9%. This work offers a new approach for the rational design of laminated amorphous materials with crystalline/amorphous heterostructures for efficient microwave absorbers.

Key words: Microwave absorption performances, FeSiBCr, Core-shell structure, Magnetic-dielectric interface, Effective absorption bandwidth