物理化学学报 >> 2003, Vol. 19 >> Issue (08): 689-694.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20030803

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

超级电容器炭电极材料孔结构对其性能的影响

庄新国;杨裕生;嵇友菊;杨冬平;唐致远   

  1. 北京防化研究院，北京　100083;北京大陆太极电池有限公司，北京　100176;天津大学化工学院，天津　300072
  • 收稿日期:2002-12-31 修回日期:2003-03-12 发布日期:2003-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 庄新国 E-mail:xgzhuang@eyou.com

The Influence of Porous Structure of Activated Carbons Used as Supercapacitor Electrode Materials on Its Properties

Zhuang Xin-Guo;Yang Yu-Sheng;Ji You-Ju;Yang Dong-Ping;Tang Zhi-Yuan   

  1. Beijing Chemical Defense Institute, Beijing　100083；Continental Battery Beijing Limited Company, Beijing　100176；School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin　300072
  • Received:2002-12-31 Revised:2003-03-12 Published:2003-08-15
  • Contact: Zhuang Xin-Guo E-mail:xgzhuang@eyou.com

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摘要： 采用无瓶颈的系列酚醛树脂活性炭为电极材料，用氮吸附和恒流充、放电，以及交流阻抗法，研究孔径和孔表面积等孔结构对其性能的影响.结果表明，活性炭电极材料双电层电容与微孔(孔宽度< 2.0 nm)表面和外孔(孔宽度 >2.0 nm)表面都有关系，但主要取决于微孔表面双电层电容.微孔表面比电容为21.4 μF•cm－2，外孔表面比电容< 10 μF•cm－2.外孔表面比电容较低可能是由于空间电荷层的影响.微孔孔径较大的炭材料具有高比电容和良好的高倍率放电的特性.

关键词: 超级电容器, 酚醛树脂活性炭, 孔结构, 性能, 电容

Abstract: The phenolformaldehyde resin activated carbon without ‘ink bottle’ porous structure was first introduced to study the influence of porous structure on capacitance of electrode material. The relation between the porous structure of the activated carbon and its electric double-layer capacitance, and the effect of its pore size distribution on discharge rates were discussed by means of nitrogen gas adsorption, AC impedance spectroscopy and constant current discharge techniques. The capacitance of activated carbons is attributed to both external surface (pore diameter > 2.0 nm) and micropore surface (pore diameter < 2.0 nm), but mainly to the latter. The capacitance on the microporous surface is 21.4 μF•cm－2, on the external surface < 10 μF•cm－2. Possibly the space charge layer exists on the interface in series with electric double layer, which makes the capacitance on the external surface much smaller than the usual capacitance. The activated carbon with larger micropore has larger specific capacitance and higher discharge rate.

Key words: Supercapacitor, Phenolformaldehyde resin activated carbon, Porous structure, Property, Capacitance