物理化学学报 >> 2017, Vol. 33 >> Issue (4): 709-728.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201612201

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二维炭基多孔材料的合成及应用

贺雷,张向倩,陆安慧*()   

  • 收稿日期:2016-10-21 发布日期:2017-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 陆安慧 E-mail:anhuilu@dlut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:HE Lei received her PhD degree from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2014. Since 2014, she has been working in Dalian University of Technology as a lecturer and a postdoctoral researcher. Her research interests now mainly focus on catalytic CO2 conversion processes|ZHANG Xiang-Qian received her Master degree from Dalian University of Technology in 2013. She is currently a PhD student in Prof. LU An-Hui′s group since 2014. Her research focuses on synthesis and application of porous carbon nanomaterials with designed porosity and controlled morphology|LU An-Hui received his PhD degree from the Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001. After postdoctoral work (as a Max Planck research fellow and Alexander von Humboldt fellow) in the group of Prof. F. Schüth at Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, he was promoted to group leader in 2005. He is currently a professor at the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology since 2008. Since 2015, he has been appointed as the Dean of the School of Chemical Engineering. His research interests include synthesis of porous materials for heterogeneous catalysis, adsorption, energy storage and conversion
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21225312);国家自然科学基金(21403027);国家自然科学基金(21506022)

Two-Dimensional Carbon-Based Porous Materials: Synthesis and Applications

Lei HE,Xiang-Qian ZHANG,An-Hui LU*()   

  • Received:2016-10-21 Published:2017-03-23
  • Contact: An-Hui LU E-mail:anhuilu@dlut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21225312);The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21403027);The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21506022)

摘要:

二维材料是指厚度在纳米尺度,且在两个维度(长和宽)具有较大尺寸的材料.与块体材料相比,二维材料最大的特点是具有极高的表面/体积比,有利于传质、传热和离子扩散,因而在吸附、催化以及储能等领域有广泛的应用.近年来,随着石墨烯引发的二维材料研究浪潮,二维炭基多孔材料成为全世界关注的研究热点.而二维炭基材料的孔结构是影响其性能的关键因素.本文介绍了近年来二维炭基多孔材料的合成方法,包括炭纳米片及炭-无机复合纳米片的制备,讨论了制备条件对材料孔结构的影响.在此基础上,着重介绍了二维炭基材料在吸附、多相催化及储能方面的应用.最后,对新型炭基二维材料开发中仍存在的关键科学问题进行了总结和展望.

关键词: 二维材料, 炭, 孔结构, 合成方法, 吸附, 催化, 储能

Abstract:

Two-dimensional (2D) materials possess nanoscale thickness with large aspect ratios on the other two dimensions. The ultrahigh surface-to-volume ratio of 2D materials is the most important property different from their bulk counterparts, and is beneficial for mass and heat transport, and ion diffusion. Among the various 2D materials, carbon-based materials have attracted tremendous attentions since the first explosive research on graphene. Therefore, they provide opportunities for applications in adsorption, catalysis, and electrical energy storage. The porous structure of such carbon materials is a key influence on the properties of these 2D materials. This review focuses on recent developments in synthesis strategies for 2D carbon-based materials, especially the preparation of carbon nanosheets and carbon-inorganic hybrids/composites nanosheets. The main factors influencing the porous structure of the material are discussed for each method. Applications of the materials are introduced, mainly in the fields of adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, and electrical energy storage. Finally, the leading-edge issues of novel 2D carbon-based materials for the future are discussed.

Key words: Two-dimensional material, Carbon, Porous structure, Synthesis strategy, Adsorption, Catalysis, Electrical energy storage