1D Mn0.2Cd0.8S纳米棒/2D Ti3C2纳米片肖特基异质结的构建及光催化产氢性能研究

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010059

物理化学学报 >> 2021, Vol. 37 >> Issue (6): 2010059.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010059

所属专题：先进光催化剂设计与制备

1D Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S纳米棒/2D Ti₃C₂纳米片肖特基异质结的构建及光催化产氢性能研究

姜志民¹, 陈晴², 郑巧清², 沈荣晨¹, 张鹏³^,*(), 李鑫¹^,*()

¹ 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院，农业部能源植物资源与利用重点实验室，广州 510642
² 华南农业大学材料与能源学院，广州 510642
³ 郑州大学材料科学与工程学院，低碳环保材料智能设计国际联合研究中心，郑州 450001

收稿日期:2020-10-27 录用日期:2020-12-01 发布日期:2020-12-04
通讯作者: 张鹏,李鑫 E-mail:zhangp@zzu.edu.cn;Xinliscau@yahoo.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51672089);国家自然科学基金(51972287);国家自然科学基金(51502269);广东省重大科技研发计划(2017B020238005);华南农业大学丁颖人才计划

Constructing 1D/2D Schottky-Based Heterojunctions between Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S Nanorods and Ti₃C₂ Nanosheets for Boosted Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution

Zhimin Jiang¹, Qing Chen², Qiaoqing Zheng², Rongchen Shen¹, Peng Zhang³^,*(), Xin Li¹^,*()

¹ Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
² College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
³ State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

Received:2020-10-27 Accepted:2020-12-01 Published:2020-12-04
Contact: Peng Zhang,Xin Li E-mail:zhangp@zzu.edu.cn;Xinliscau@yahoo.com
About author:Email: Xinliscau@yahoo.com; Tel.: +86-20-85285596 (X.L.)
Email: zhangp@zzu.edu.cn; +86-0371-67739798 (P.Z.)
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672089);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972287);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51502269);Special Funding on Applied Science and Technology in Guangdong, China(2017B020238005);the Ding Ying Talent Project of South China Agricultural University

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开发低成本的半导体光催化剂以实现可见光下高效、持久的光催化分解水产氢化是一个非常具有挑战性的课题。近年来, 1D Mn_xCd_1-xS纳米结构由于载流子扩散路径短，长径比高，具有优异的光吸收、电荷分离和H₂析出活性，而广泛地应用在光催化H₂析出应用中。然而，单一的Mn_xCd_1-xS光催化剂仍然存在着一些缺点，如光生电子-空穴对的快速复合和量子效率低等。为了进一步促进光生电荷载流子的分离和H₂释放动力学，采用原位溶剂热法合成了Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S纳米棒(MCS NRs)和Ti₃C₂ MXene纳米片(NSs)之间的1D/2D肖特基异质结。采用各种表征方法深入地研究了金属Ti₃C₂ MXene NSs在Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S纳米棒上促进光催化H₂进化的关键作用和潜在机制。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、元素分布图和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试手段，证实成功地构建了低成本的肖特基杂质结，并将其应用于光催化产氢反应中。此外，在Na₂SO₃和Na₂S混合牺牲剂溶液中，进行了光催化析氢反应。优化后的1D/2D肖特基异质结的最高析氢速率为15.73 mmol·g^-1·h^-1，比纯MCS NRs (2.34 mmol·g^-1·h^-1)高6.72倍。在420 nm处获得了19.6%的表观量子效率(AQE)。稳定性测试结果表明，二元光催化剂具有良好的光催化稳性性及广阔的应用前景。更有趣的是，紫外-可见漫反射光谱、光致发光(PL)光谱、瞬态光电流响应和极化曲线谱都清楚地证实了MCS NRs和Ti₃C₂ MXene纳米片之间的有效电荷分离。线性扫描伏安法(LSV)也表明，MXene助催化剂的加入可以显著降低纯MCS NRs的过电位，证实2D Ti₃C₂ NSs可以作为电子导电桥梁，改善H₂析出动力学。总之，金属Ti₃C₂ MXene NSs和MCS NRs之间的2D/1D杂化肖特基异质结不仅可以大大改善光生电子和空穴的分离，而且可以减少H₂析出过电位，从而显著提高光催化产氢活性。希望本文的研究能为低成本肖特基异质结的构建提供新的思路，为光催化H₂生产的实际应用提供参考。

关键词: 光催化产氢, 1D Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S纳米棒, Ti₃C₂ Mxene纳米片, 2D/1D肖特结, 太阳燃料

Abstract:

Sustainable photocatalytic H₂ evolution has attracted extensive attention in recent years because it can address both energy shortage and environmental pollution issues. In particular, metal sulfide solid-solution photocatalysts have been widely applied in photocatalytic hydrogen generation owing to their excellent light harvesting properties, narrow enough band gap, and suitable redox potentials of conduction and valance bands. However, it is still challenging to develop low-cost and high-efficiency sulfide solid-solution photocatalysts for practical photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Recently, 1D Mn_xCd_1-xS nanostructures have shown superior light absorption, charge separation, and H₂-evolution activity owing to their shortened diffusion pathway of carriers and high length-to-diameter ratios. Thus, 1D Mn_xCd_1-xS nanostructures have been applied in photocatalytic H₂ evolution. However, a single Mn_xCd_1-xS photocatalyst still has some disadvantages for photocatalytic H₂ evolution, such as the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and low quantum efficiency. Herein, to further boost the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and H₂-evolution kinetics, an in situ solvothermal method was used to synthesize the 1D/2D Schottky-based heterojunctions between the Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S nanorods (MCS NRs) and Ti₃C₂ MXene nanosheets (NSs). Furthermore, various characterization methods have been used to investigate the crucial roles and underlying mechanisms of metallic Ti₃C₂ MXene NSs in boosting the photocatalytic H₂ evolution over the Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S nanorods. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), element mapping images, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results clearly demonstrate that hybrid low-cost Schottky-based heterojunctions have been successfully constructed for practical applications in photocatalytic H₂ evolution. Additionally, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was also carried out in a mixed solution of Na₂SO₃ and Na₂S using as the sacrificial agents. The highest hydrogen evolution rate of the optimized 1D/2D Schottky-based heterojunction is 15.73 mmol·g^-1·h^-1, which is 6.72 times higher than that of pure MCS NRs (2.34 mmol·g^-1·h^-1). An apparent quantum efficiency of 19.6% was achieved at 420 nm. The stability measurements of the binary photocatalysts confirmed their excellent photocatalytic stability for practical applications. More interestingly, the UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, transient photocurrent responses, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Nyquist plots clearly confirmed the promoted charge separation between the MCS NRs and Ti₃C₂ MXene NSs. The linear sweep voltammetry also showed that the loading of MXene cocatalysts could greatly decrease the overpotential of pure MCS NRs, suggesting that the 2D Ti₃C₂ NSs could act as an electronic conductive bridge to improve the H₂-evolution kinetics. In summary, these results show that the 2D/1D hybrid Schottky-based heterojunctions between metallic Ti₃C₂ MXene NSs and MCS NRs can not only improve the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes but also decrease the H₂-evolution overpotential, thus resulting in significantly enhanced photocatalytic H₂ generation. We believe that this study will inspire new ideas for constructing low-cost Schottky-based heterojunctions for practical applications in photocatalytic H₂ evolution.

Key words: Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, 1D Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S nanorods, Ti₃C₂ MXene NSs, 2D/1D Schottky-based heterojunctions, Solar fuel

姜志民, 陈晴, 郑巧清, 沈荣晨, 张鹏, 李鑫. 1D Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S纳米棒/2D Ti₃C₂纳米片肖特基异质结的构建及光催化产氢性能研究[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(6), 2010059. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010059

Zhimin Jiang, Qing Chen, Qiaoqing Zheng, Rongchen Shen, Peng Zhang, Xin Li. Constructing 1D/2D Schottky-Based Heterojunctions between Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S Nanorods and Ti₃C₂ Nanosheets for Boosted Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2021, 37(6), 2010059. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010059

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010059

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V37/I6/2010059

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Photocatalysts	HER rate ^a	The AQE (420 nm)	Ref.
Mn_0.5Cd_0.5S/CoP	65324 μmol·g^-1·h^-1	22.6%	23
Mn_0.5Cd_0.5S/NiS	419.3 μmol·h^-1	5.21%	30
NiSe/Mn_0.5Cd_0.5S	28.08 mmol·h^-1·g^-1	3.3%	65
Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S/CoP₃	29.53 mmol·g^-1·h^-1	29.2%	31
CuS/Mn_0.3Cd_0.7S	106.84 mmol·g^-1·h^-1	18.32%	63
MoS₂/Mn_0.5Cd_0.5S	491 μmol·h^-1	29.2%	62
Mn_0.8Cd_0.2S/g-C₃N₄	4.0 mmol·h^-1·g^-1	4.1%	66
Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S/Ti₃C₂	15.73 mmol·g^-1·h^-1	19.6%	This work

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1D Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S纳米棒/2D Ti₃C₂纳米片肖特基异质结的构建及光催化产氢性能研究

Constructing 1D/2D Schottky-Based Heterojunctions between Mn_0.2Cd_0.8S Nanorods and Ti₃C₂ Nanosheets for Boosted Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution

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