物理化学学报 >> 2025, Vol. 41 >> Issue (3): 100027.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406007

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氰基修饰的苝二酰亚胺衍生物作为膜厚不敏感型阴极界面材料用于高效有机太阳能电池

王毅锴1, 蒋晓林2, 宋浩鸣1, 魏楠1, 王逸凡2, 徐新军1, 李翠红1,*(), 路皓2,*(), 刘亚辉2,*, 薄志山1,*()   

  1. 1 北京师范大学化学学院, 能量转换与存储材料北京市重点实验室, 北京 100875
    2 青岛大学纺织服装学院, 省部共建生物多糖纤维成形与生态纺织国家重点实验室, 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06 修回日期:2024-07-10 录用日期:2024-07-11 发布日期:2024-12-14
  • 通讯作者: Email: licuihong@bnu.edu.cn (李翠红)luhao@qdu.edu.cn (路皓)liuyh@qdu.edu.cn (刘亚辉)zsbo@bnu.edu.cn (薄志山)
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22375024); 国家自然科学基金(21975031); 国家自然科学基金(51933001); 国家自然科学基金(21734009)

Thickness-Insensitive, Cyano-Modified Perylene Diimide Derivative as a Cathode Interlayer Material for High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells

Yikai Wang1, Xiaolin Jiang2, Haoming Song1, Nan Wei1, Yifan Wang2, Xinjun Xu1, Cuihong Li1,*(), Hao Lu2,*(), Yahui Liu2,*, Zhishan Bo1,*()   

  1. 1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    2 College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-06 Revised:2024-07-10 Accepted:2024-07-11 Published:2024-12-14
  • Contact: Email: licuihong@bnu.edu.cn (Cuihong Li)luhao@qdu.edu.cn (Hao Lu)liuyh@qdu.edu.cn (Yahui Liu)zsbo@bnu.edu.cn (Zhishan Bo)
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375024); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975031); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51933001); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21734009)

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摘要：

开发膜厚不敏感型阴极界面材料是当前有机太阳能电池(OSCs)研究的重点和难点之一。在本研究中，我们设计并合成了一种低成本的氰基修饰的苝二酰亚胺衍生物PDINBrCN作为阴极界面层材料，PDINBrCN表现出良好的加工性和调节电极功函数的能力，当用作D18:L8-BO器件中的阴极界面层时，PDINBrCN在10 nm的膜厚度下实现了18.83%的光电转换效率(PCE)，即使当膜厚度增加到50 nm时，器件仍然保持17.90%的PCE。因此，PDINBrCN有望成为一种高效、低成本的阴极界面层材料。

关键词: 阴极界面层材料, 有机太阳能电池, 光电转换效率, 膜厚不敏感性, 氰基

Abstract:

Interlayer materials play a crucial role in achieving high efficiency in organic solar cells (OSCs). However, slight increases in film thickness often lead to significant charge accumulation and recombination, presenting a challenge for large-scale OSC device fabrication. Therefore, there is a pressing need for interlayer materials that are insensitive to variations in thickness. In this study, we synthesized a cost-effective cyano-modified perylene diimide (PDI) derivative, PDINBrCN, as an interlayer material. Compared to the analogous PDINBr, the introduction of cyano groups lowers the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of the molecule, enhancing electron injection and charge transport efficiency. Additionally, PDINBrCN demonstrates excellent solubility in 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) and effectively modifies the electrode work function, facilitating device fabrication through orthogonal solvent processing. When utilized as the cathode interlayer in D18:L8-BO devices, PDINBrCN achieved a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.83% with a film thickness of 10 nm. Importantly, PDINBrCN maintained a PCE of 17.90% even when the film thickness was increased to 50 nm. In contrast, the analogous PDI derivatives PDINBr and the star cathode interlayer material anthra[2, 1, 9-def: 6, 5, 10-d'e'f']diisoquinoline-1, 3, 8, 10(2H, 9H)-tetrone (PDINN) achieved PCEs of 17.17% and 17.06%, respectively, at the same film thickness. Notably, PDINBrCN maintained a PCE of over 16% even with an interlayer thickness of 80 nm, marking one of the best results for small molecule PDI derivatives as cathode interlayer materials at this thickness. Our findings demonstrate that PDINBrCN exhibits excellent processability, electrode work function adjustment capability, and crucially, thickness-insensitive properties. Therefore, PDINBrCN holds promise as an efficient and cost-effective cathode interlayer material, with potential for future commercial applications in OSCs.

Key words: Cathode interlayer material, Organic solar cell, Power conversion efficiency, Thickness-insensitive property, Cyano group