V2CFx MXene衍生2D V2O3@介孔碳纳米片的制备及其电容脱盐特性

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308020

物理化学学报 >> 2024, Vol. 40 >> Issue (8): 2308020.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308020

所属专题：电化学分离与资源化

V₂CF_x MXene衍生2D V₂O₃@介孔碳纳米片的制备及其电容脱盐特性

张泽豪¹^,², 王政¹^,*(), 李海波²^,*()

¹ 宁夏大学化学化工学院, 煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室, 银川 750021
² 宁夏大学材料与新能源学院, 宁夏光伏材料重点实验室, 银川 750021

收稿日期:2023-08-15 修回日期:2023-09-10 录用日期:2023-09-12 发布日期:2023-09-18
通讯作者: Email: wzheng@nxu.edu.cn. Tel.: +86-951-2062414 (王政)lihaibo@nxu.edu.cn (李海波)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22272085); 国家自然科学基金(22169015)

Preparation of 2D V₂O₃@Pourous Carbon Nanosheets Derived from V₂CF_x MXene for Capacitive Desalination

Zehao Zhang¹^,², Zheng Wang¹^,*(), Haibo Li²^,*()

¹ State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
² Ningxia Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, School of Materials and New Energy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2023-08-15 Revised:2023-09-10 Accepted:2023-09-12 Published:2023-09-18
Contact: Email: wzheng@nxu.edu.cn. Tel.: +86-951-2062414 (Zheng Wang)lihaibo@nxu.edu.cn (Haibo Li)
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272085); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22169015)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用同源金属V₂CF_x MXene作为前驱体制备了三氧化二钒@多孔碳(V₂O₃@porous carbon，V₂O₃@PC)纳米片作为电容去离子(CDI)阳极，研究其脱盐特性。实验探究了在不同在碳化温度下V₂O₃@PC的结构、结晶度、润湿性、石墨化程度和电化学特性。研究表明，所制备的V₂O₃@PC呈现出典型的2D纳米片结构，高结晶度的V₂O₃纳米颗粒被高石墨化度的PC牢牢束缚。这种结构具有良好的界面润湿性和高导电性，因而可以促进电解质的渗透，加速界面电荷的转移以并促进盐离子的传输和扩散。此外，PC也能较好的抑制V₂O₃在多次循环后的体积膨胀。电化学结果表明，V的可逆电化学转化在一定程度上提高了Na⁺的储存。当电压为1.2 V时，NaCl电导率为1000 μS·cm⁻¹时，优化后的V₂O₃@PC电极具有高达2.20 mmol∙g⁻¹的脱盐容量，0.13 mmol∙g⁻¹∙min⁻¹的脱盐速率，62%的水回收率以及24.0 Wh∙m⁻³的低能耗。

关键词: 电容去离子, 三氧化二钒, 金属有机框架, 麦克烯, 电化学

Abstract:

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been considered one of the most promising desalination technologies in the past decade. However, it faces challenges related to low salt removal efficiency in high salinity water. To address this issue, ion intercalation materials have been developed as anodes for CDI due to their abundant electroactive sites capable of accommodating large salty ions. V₂O₃, a typical intercalation host, has garnered significant attention in the field of metal-ion batteries and appears to be a suitable candidate for CDI. Nevertheless, structural instability and slow ion diffusion, resulting from large volume expansion and low intrinsic electron/ion conductivity, present obstacles to its commercial application. Given their high specific surface area, abundant ion diffusion channels, and excellent conductivity, derivatives of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have become highly attractive in the electrochemical research community. In this study, 2D V₂O₃@porous carbon (V₂O₃@PC) nanosheets were prepared using homologous metal V₂CF_x MXene as a precursor for CDI anodes, aiming to enhance salt removal capacity. The structure, crystallinity, wettability, graphitization degree, and electrochemical behavior of V₂O₃@PC were investigated by adjusting carbonization temperatures. The findings reveal that V₂O₃@PC exhibits a typical 2D nanosheet structure, with highly crystalline V₂O₃ nanoparticles securely enveloped by graphitized PC. The electronic coupling between PC and V₂O₃ ensures high electron conductivity. This unique structure demonstrates excellent interfacial wettability and high conductivity, facilitating electrolyte penetration, accelerating interfacial charge transfer, and enhancing salt ion diffusion. Additionally, the PC effectively restricts the volume expansion of V₂O₃. Moreover, reversible electrochemical conversion between V³⁺/V⁴⁺ contributes to Na⁺ storage, aiding the desalination/regeneration process. Notably, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the preferential growth of V₂O₃ crystal planes at different carbonization temperatures. Consequently, the optimized V₂O₃@PC-850 electrode exhibits remarkable desalination performance, including a desalination capacity of 2.20 mmol·g⁻¹, desalination rate of 0.13 mmol·g⁻¹·min⁻¹, water recovery rate of 62%, and energy consumption of 24.0 Wh·m⁻³ at 1.2 V in 1000 μS·cm⁻¹ NaCl solutions. Compared to V₂O₃@PC-750 and V₂O₃@PC-950, the superior performance of V₂O₃@PC-850 can be attributed to its enhanced interfacial wettability, which promotes charge transfer and improves salt ion diffusion kinetics. Additionally, the preferential growth of the (110) crystal plane in V₂O₃@PC-850 enhances ion storage capacity, contributing to its superior desalination performance. This study offers new insights into the synergistic enhancement of electrochemical ion removal characteristics through the utilization of metal oxide and carbon nanomaterials.

Key words: Capacitive deionization, V₂O₃, Metal organic frameworks, MXene, Electrochemistry

张泽豪, 王政, 李海波. V₂CF_x MXene衍生2D V₂O₃@介孔碳纳米片的制备及其电容脱盐特性[J]. 物理化学学报, 2024, 40(8), 2308020. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308020

Zehao Zhang, Zheng Wang, Haibo Li. Preparation of 2D V₂O₃@Pourous Carbon Nanosheets Derived from V₂CF_x MXene for Capacitive Desalination[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2024, 40(8), 2308020. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308020

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308020

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V40/I8/2308020

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Element	Element fraction (at%)
Element	V₂O₃@PC-750	V₂O₃@PC-850	V₂O₃@PC-950
V	16.5	26.6	29.5
O	26.2	41.4	43.2
C	55.9	30.9	25.9
N	1.4	1.1	1.4

Sample	V₂O₃@PC-750	V₂O₃@PC-850	V₂O₃@PC-950
R_s (Ω)	11.2	8.2	9.8
R_ct (Ω)	0.8	0.3	0.5

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V₂CF_x MXene衍生2D V₂O₃@介孔碳纳米片的制备及其电容脱盐特性

Preparation of 2D V₂O₃@Pourous Carbon Nanosheets Derived from V₂CF_x MXene for Capacitive Desalination

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