Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 845-857.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201701081

Special Issue: Green Chemistry

• REVIEW • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Catalytic Synthesis of Formamides with Carbon Dioxide and Amines

Yujing ZHANG1,2,Xingchao DAI1,2,Hongli WANG1,Feng SHI1,*()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
  • Received:2017-11-30 Published:2018-04-03
  • Contact: Feng SHI E-mail:fshi@licp.cas.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21633013);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91745106);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0403103)

Abstract:

Carbon dioxide is a green C1 resource that can be efficiently recycled by catalytic transformation into value-added chemicals. Formamides are important intermediates and solvents that are used extensively in pharmaceutical, daily-chemical, and petrochemical industry. Therefore, it is worthwhile to synthesize formamides with CO2 and amines. In this review, the main advancements in the synthesis of formamides by using CO2 as the C1 feedstock with noble metal catalysts (Ir, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, etc.), non-noble metal catalysts (Ni, Mo, Cu, Fe, Co, Zn, Al, etc.), organocatalysts, and catalyst-free systems have been summarized. In addition, the role of the reducing agents such as H2, silanes, and boranes involved in these transformations has also been reviewed. In addition, the reaction mechanisms with the different catalyst systems have been discussed.

Key words: Carbon dioxide, Amines, Formamides, Carbonylation