Abstract:

Multicomponent interface engineering based on metal-organic framework (MOF) derivatives holds great potential for achieving high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. However, precisely controlling heterointerface configurations and their associated polarization mechanisms remains a significant scientific and technical hurdle. In this study, a controlled pyrolysis-selenization strategy based on bimetallic MOF precursors was developed to prepare ZnSe/Cu₂Se multiphase composites. The rational engineering of precursor architecture and selenization degree achieves precise dual-control over morphology and heterointerfaces. Multiscale characterization, finite element simulations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations collectively demonstrate that Cu₂Se forms an efficient conductive network within the carbon framework, leading to significant conductive loss. Simultaneously, the coexistence of the two metallic selenides creates numerous heterointerfaces which greatly enhance interfacial polarization losses. Additionally, defect-induced and dipole polarizations generate active sites that dissipate EMW through multiscale polarization synergy. Ultimately, the optimized composite exhibits outstanding EMW absorption performance, with a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of −52.63 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB_max) of 8.64 GHz. This study introduces a precise strategy for engineering heterointerfaces in MOF-derived bimetallic selenides, offering fundamental insights into the multiscale polarization synergy crucial for efficient EMW attenuation.

Key words: Multicomponent interface, Bimetallic selenides, Multiscale polarization synergy, Electromagnetic wave absorption