物理化学学报 >> 2022, Vol. 38 >> Issue (9): 2203004.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202203004

所属专题： 烯碳纤维与智能织物

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烯碳纤维基能源器件的研究进展

贺文娅1,2,3, 程虎虎1,2, 曲良体1,2,*()   

  1. 1 清华大学化学系, 有机光电与分子工程教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084
    2 清华大学机械系, 摩擦学国家重点实验室, 北京 100084
    3 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-04 录用日期:2022-03-29 发布日期:2022-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 曲良体 E-mail:lqu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:曲良体，1975年出生。2004年获清华大学博士学位；现为清华大学化学系教授，博士生导师，主要围绕碳纳米材料(石墨烯和碳纳米管)、导电与功能高分子、低维结构材料的制备、化学改性、组装、功能化开展研究工作，涉及高效能量转化与存储器件、海水淡化、微型器件、激光微纳制造等第一联系人：

    †These authors contributed equally to this work.

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52090032);国家自然科学基金(22035005);国家自然科学基金(52022051);国家自然科学基金(22075165);国家自然科学基金(52073159);摩擦学国家重点实验室自主研究课题(SKLT2021B03);清华-佛山研究院专项项目(2021THFS0501)

Progress on Carbonene Fibers for Energy Devices

Wenya He1,2,3, Huhu Cheng1,2, Liangti Qu1,2,*()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2022-03-04 Accepted:2022-03-29 Published:2022-03-31
  • Contact: Liangti Qu E-mail:lqu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • About author:Liangti Qu, Email: lqu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52090032);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22035005);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52022051);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075165);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52073159);the State Key Laboratory of Tribology, China(SKLT2021B03);the Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund, China(2021THFS0501)

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摘要：

纤维状能源器件的研究极大地推动了可穿戴电子设备的快速发展。烯碳纤维主要包括碳纳米管纤维和石墨烯纤维，其微观组成单元具有独特的碳碳共轭分子形态，宏观结构具有高度可调控性，表现出高的比强度、优良的导电性和导热性、以及良好的机械柔韧性等，被广泛应用于先进能源器件的研究和开发，有效促进了柔性可穿戴电子器件的发展。本文综述了烯碳纤维基能源器件包括能量转换和储能器件等的研究和应用进展，具体介绍了烯碳纤维基太阳能电池、湿气发电机、热电发电机、超级电容器以及电化学电池等的最新成果，重点讨论了烯碳纤维基能源器件的制备方法和可穿戴应用，分析了烯碳纤维基储能及能量转换器件面临的问题和挑战，期望能够为未来高性能纤维基可穿戴能源器件的发展提供有价值的研究思路。

关键词: 烯碳纤维, 碳纳米管, 石墨烯, 能量转换器件, 储能器件

Abstract:

Flexible and wearable electronics can integrate multiple functions, such as sensing, actuation, and wireless communication, showing great potential for application in flexible displays, health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and other fields. Energy devices to supply power are an important part of wearable electronics. Traditional energy devices have a relatively rigid plate structure, and their poor mechanical flexibility, low breathability and moisture conductivity make them difficult to adapt to the needs of wearability. These problems have severely limited the development and application of wearable devices, and there is therefore an urgent need to develop flexible, lightweight, high-performance wearable energy devices. Fiber-based energy devices have several obvious advantages. First, the diameter of these devices usually ranges from micrometers to millimeters, which makes them small in size and light in weight. Then, their outstanding flexibility endows them with wearable comfort and stable performance under mechanical deformation. Third, fibers can be woven or knitted into deformable textiles with excellent wearability and breathability. Because of these advantages, fiber-based energy devices have attracted considerable attention. Traditional fiber-based energy devices usually use polymer fibers covered by metal wires as electrodes, but these have inherent defects, such as poor chemical stability, inferior matching with active materials, and a lack of mechanical flexibility, that hinder their application in wearable devices. Carbonene materials are low-dimensional all-carbon materials composed of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms, including carbon nanotubes and graphene, which have the advantages of low density, good mechanical properties, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and high stability. "Carbonene fibers" mainly refers to high-performance fiber-like macroscopic assemblies composed of carbonene materials, and includes carbon nanotube fibers, graphene fibers, and graphene/carbon nanotube composite fibers. Carbonene fibers can effectively transfer the excellent performance of carbonene materials at the micro scale to the macro scale, showing high conductivity, strength, flexibility, stability, and ease of manufacture, making them widely used in research on advanced energy devices. In recent years, researchers have developed a variety of carbonene fiber-based energy devices. This paper reviews recent progress in the application of carbonene fibers in energy devices, including energy conversion and energy storage devices such as solar cells, moisture actuators and moisture power generators, thermoelectric generators, supercapacitors, and electrochemical cells. The preparation methods and wearable applications of carbonene fiber-based energy devices are emphasized. Discussion of the development prospects and challenges of energy storage/conversion devices based on carbonene fibers is included, and it is expected that this will provide valuable ideas for the future development of high-performance fiber-based wearable energy devices.

Key words: Carbonene fiber, Carbon nanotube, Graphene, Energy conversion device, Energy storage device