石墨烯三维结构组装体制备及光热水蒸发和水处理研究进展

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB202101020

物理化学学报 >> 2022, Vol. 38 >> Issue (1): 2101020.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202101020

所属专题：石墨烯的功能与应用

石墨烯三维结构组装体制备及光热水蒸发和水处理研究进展

陈清¹^,²^,³, 赵健¹, 程虎虎²^,³^,*(), 曲良体²^,³^,*()

¹ 中国环境科学研究院，环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室，北京 100012
² 清华大学化学系，有机光电与分子工程教育部重点实验室，北京 100084
³ 清华大学机械系，摩擦学国家重点实验室，北京 100084

收稿日期:2021-01-11 录用日期:2021-03-09 发布日期:2021-03-12
通讯作者: 程虎虎,曲良体 E-mail:huhucheng@tsinghua.edu.cn;lqu@mail.tsingua.edu.cn
作者简介:程虎虎，1986年出生。2016年获北京理工大学博士学位；现为清华大学化学系助理研究员。主要研究方向为先进功能材料调控(石墨烯等)及新型能量转化和微纳能源存储
曲良体，1975年出生。2004年获清华大学博士学位；现为清华大学化学系教授，博士生导师，主要围绕功能结构与材料制备、先进能源器件、激光微纳制造等方面开展研究工作
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0200200);国家自然科学基金(22035005);国家自然科学基金(52073159);国家自然科学基金(52022051);国家自然科学基金(22075165);国家自然科学基金(52090034);清华大学自主科研计划(2019Z08QCX08);国家自然科学基金中-瑞国际(地区)合作与交流项目(21911530143);摩擦学国家重点实验室(SKLT2021B03);清华-佛山研究院专项项目(2018THFS0412);清华大学国强研究院项目(2019GQG1025)

Progress in 3D-Graphene Assemblies Preparation for Solar-Thermal Steam Generation and Water Treatment

Qing Chen¹^,²^,³, Jian Zhao¹, Huhu Cheng²^,³^,*(), Liangti Qu²^,³^,*()

¹ State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
² Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
³ State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2021-01-11 Accepted:2021-03-09 Published:2021-03-12
Contact: Huhu Cheng,Liangti Qu E-mail:huhucheng@tsinghua.edu.cn;lqu@mail.tsingua.edu.cn
About author:Liangti Qu, Email: lqu@mail.tsingua.edu.cn
Huhu Cheng, Email: huhucheng@tsinghua.edu.cn
Supported by:
the National Key R & D Program of China(2016YFA0200200);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22035005);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52073159);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52022051);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075165);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52090034);the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(2019Z08QCX08);the NSFC-STINT(21911530143);the State Key Laboratory of Tribology(SKLT2021B03);the Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund(2018THFS0412);the Institute for Guo Qiang, Tsinghua University(2019GQG1025)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水资源短缺是世界长期面临的问题，当前全球80多个国家的约15亿人口面临淡水不足，其中26个国家的3亿人口完全生活在缺水状态。近年来，人们开发了新型太阳能界面水蒸发材料和技术，能够利用高效光热材料吸收太阳能转化为热能，实现大量的、快速的水蒸发，冷凝后收集便得到洁净水，是一种高效、绿色、低成本水处理和解决水资源短缺的方法。石墨烯三维组装体材料的物理和化学性质优异，光热转化效率高，同时其太阳光吸收率高，内部微纳孔道丰富，具有良好的水传输通道，表面水蒸发面积大，在太阳光照射下能够实现超高的水蒸发速率，在光热水处理方面展现了巨大的科学研究意义和实用价值。本文将综述石墨烯三维组装体的制备及光热水处理方面的研究进展，包括石墨烯三维结构组装体制备方法，其光热水蒸发性能，总结了石墨烯三维结构组装体在光热水蒸发及水处理方面的应用，最后分析了石墨烯三维结构组装体光热水处理面临的问题及展望。

关键词: 石墨烯, 三维结构, 光热转化, 水蒸发, 水处理

Abstract:

Currently, water shortage is a globally prevalent issue, with approximately 1.5 billion people in over 80 countries in the world are facing a shortage of fresh water. Among them, 300 million people in 26 countries face daily water shortages. It is estimated that by 2025, billions of people will suffer due water shortage. The desalination of seawater and other water treatment technologies have been widely investigated to solve this problem. Recently, a lot of study have been carried out on the production of clean water via solar evaporation with new materials and technologies. Under the condition of illumination, the light-absorbing material converts solar energy directly into heat energy to realize rapid and large amount of water evaporation, after condensation, clean water was obtained. It is important that this technology can effectively remove salt, bacteria, and other pollutants from raw water, and the quality of the obtained water fully meets the drinking water quality standard set by the World Health Organization. This is an efficient, green, and low-cost method for solving the shortage of water resources. Three-dimensional (3D) graphene materials have excellent physical and chemical properties, high photothermal conversion efficiency, high solar absorption rate, rich internal micro- and nano-channels, good water transmission channels, and large surface water evaporation area; in addition, they can achieve an ultra-high water evaporation rate under solar irradiation. These properties are highly significant in the research and practical applications of photothermal water treatment. In this study, the research progress of 3D-graphene is discussed with regard to the following three aspects. 1) The main preparation method of 3D-graphene was investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods, such as self-assembly, template, and chemical vapor deposition methods were summarized and compared. It can provide reference for readers to choose the preparation method of 3D-graphene; 2) The basic principle of photothermal water evaporation is introduced in detail. The research progress of photothermal water evaporation was summarized based on pure graphene, graphene/polymer composites, and graphene/metal oxide composites. The evaporation properties of different materials were compared. The development, fabrication, and performance of small photothermal conversion devices are briefly introduced; 3) The water treatment of graphene photothermal water evaporation was investigated, and its limitations were analyzed and summarized. Consequently, the challenges faced by photothermal evaporation in theoretical research and the problems to be solved in practical production applications are finally prospected. This review is a valuable reference for the development of 3D-graphene materials and solar-thermal steam generation and water treatment.

Key words: Graphene, Three-dimensional structure, Solar-thermal conversion, Water evaporation, Water treatment

陈清, 赵健, 程虎虎, 曲良体. 石墨烯三维结构组装体制备及光热水蒸发和水处理研究进展[J]. 物理化学学报, 2022, 38(1): 2101020.

Qing Chen, Jian Zhao, Huhu Cheng, Liangti Qu. Progress in 3D-Graphene Assemblies Preparation for Solar-Thermal Steam Generation and Water Treatment[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2022, 38(1): 2101020.

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB202101020

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V38/I1/2101020

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Number	Composition	Evaporation rate/(kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹)	Preparation method	Ref.
1	3D graphene	1.78	Freeze-Drying Route	84
2	Graphene Foam	2.4	Freeze-Drying Route	83
3	Porous graphene sponges	2.01–2.61	Freeze-Drying Route	89
4	Hierarchical Graphene Foam	1.4	CVD	81
5	N-doped graphene	1.5	CVD	80
6	3D Honeycomb Graphene	2.6	Self-Assemble	78
7	Vertically Aligned Graphene Sheets	1.62	Freeze-Drying Route	72
8	Vertically ordered pillar array of graphene framework	2.1	Freeze-Drying Route	88
9	MoS₂@graphene	0.9	Self-Assemble	91
10	MnO2@graphene	1.78	Freeze-Drying Route	92
11	polyacrylonitrile@graphene	1.47	Freeze-Drying Route	104
12	PVA@graphene	2.5	Freeze-Drying Route	93
13	Melamine foam@Reduced grapheneoxide	1.476	Self-Assemble	94
14	RGO@multiwalled carbon nanotubes@sodium alginate	1.622	Freeze-Drying Route	100
15	Wood@graphene	1.6 ± 0.02	Laser Reduction	102
16	N-doped graphene@carbon hybrid aerogels	1.558	Template Method	87
17	Melamine@graphene	1.476	Self-Assemble	90
18	Polyethylenimine@rGO	0.838	Template Method	94
19	RGO@silk-fabric	1.48	Microwave Reduction	103
20	Porous carbon black/GO	1.27	3D Printing	99

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石墨烯三维结构组装体制备及光热水蒸发和水处理研究进展

Progress in 3D-Graphene Assemblies Preparation for Solar-Thermal Steam Generation and Water Treatment

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