物理化学学报 >> 2026, Vol. 42 >> Issue (7): 100225.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100225

综述 上一篇    下一篇

金属有机框架(2014–2024):追求卓越性能的十年

彭日1,†, 谢雨欣1,†, 袁帅2, 沈如伟1, 朱敦如1,2,*()   

  1. 1 南京工业大学化工学院, 材料化学工程全国重点实验室, 江苏 南京 211816
    2 南京大学, 配位化学全国重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-22 修回日期:2025-11-23 录用日期:2025-11-26 发布日期:2026-05-22
  • 通讯作者: Email: zhudr@njtech.edu.cn (朱敦如)
  • 作者简介:

    †这些作者对这项工作做出了同等贡献

Metal-Organic Frameworks (2014–2024): A decade pursuit for top performance

Ri Peng1, Yuxin Xie1, Shuai Yuan2, Ruwei Shen1, Dunru Zhu1,2,*()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu Province, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-09-22 Revised:2025-11-23 Accepted:2025-11-26 Published:2026-05-22
  • Contact: Email: zhudr@njtech.edu.cn (Dunru Zhu)

摘要:

2025年诺贝尔化学奖授予S. Kitagawa、R. Robson和O. M. Yaghi,以表彰他们在金属有机框架(Metal-Organic Frameworks,MOFs)开发方面的成就。作为21世纪的明星材料,MOFs因其巨大的比表面积、纳米级孔道以及多样的拓扑结构,在众多领域得以应用。作为最先进的多孔材料,MOFs的应用不再局限于气体吸附、分离和催化等传统领域,在大气集水、病原体检测和海水提铀等新兴领域也展现出广阔的应用前景。2013年,Yaghi在Science上发表了一篇有关MOFs最佳性能的重要综述。但从那以后,MOFs的性能又取得了重大突破。通过网状化学原理指导无机阳离子(节点)与有机配体(连接体)的组装,可以构筑混合组分的MOFs,使单组分MOFs优异性能的协同组合得以实现。将人工智能技术引入MOFs领域,能够为科学家们提供更多的机会,以快速设计和制造具有定制性能的新型MOFs。此外,基于反向MOFs设计策略(带负电荷的节点和带正电荷的配体)合成的新型多孔等网状non-MOFs材料将为MOFs材料开辟一个新的研究热点。

关键词: 金属有机框架, 最佳性能, 最优性质, 新兴应用

Abstract:

The Nobel prize in chemistry 2025 was awarded to S. Kitagawa, R. Robson and O. M. Yaghi for the development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). As a star material of the 21st century, MOFs owning big specific surface areas, nanoscale porosities coupled with diverse topological structures, have been successfully applied in many fields. No longer limited to the traditional gas adsorption, separation and catalysis, MOFs, representing the state-of-the-art porous materials, have also showcased promising applications in some emerging realms, such as atmospheric water harvesting, pathogen detection, and uranium extraction from seawater. Yaghi presented a vital review on the optimal properties of MOFs before 2013 in Science; however, some remarkable breakthroughs in MOF properties have been made since then. The reticular chemistry-guided assembly of inorganic cations (nodes) with organic ligands (linkers) may lead to mixed-component MOFs with the synergistic combinations of the excellent performance from mono-component MOFs. The introduction of artificial intelligence technology into MOF fields can provide more opportunities for scientists to rapidly design and manufacture novel MOFs with tailored properties. In addition, novel porous isoreticular non-MOFs synthesized based on an inverse MOFs design strategy (negatively charged nodes and positively charged linkers) may open up a new research hotspot for MOF materials.

Key words: Metal-organic framework, Top-performance, Optimal property, Emerging application