物理化学学报

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面向异形结构均匀加热的分区式蒙烯玻璃纤维织物电热器件

李翔1, 杨钰垚2,3, 许莉1, 闫小草3, 冯晓晗3, 李志3, 王晓白3,4, 亓月3, 刘忠范1,2,3   

  1. 1 北京大学材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100871;
    2 北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 北京大学纳米化学研究中心, 北京分子科学国家研究中心, 北京 100871;
    3 北京石墨烯研究院, 北京 100095;
    4 北京工商大学轻工科学与工程学院, 北京 100048
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-23 修回日期:2026-02-02 录用日期:2026-02-02
  • 通讯作者: 王晓白, 亓月, 刘忠范 E-mail:xiaobai_wang@yeah.net;qiyue@bgi-graphene.com;zfliu@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    本研究得到了国家自然科学基金(T2188101,52272032)的资助

Uniform heating for irregular structures using a zoned graphene-skinned glass fiber fabric electrothermal device

Xiang Li1, Yuyao Yang2,3, Li Xu1, Xiaocao Yan3, Xiaohan Feng3, Zhi Li3, Xiaobai Wang3,4, Yue Qi3, Zhongfan Liu1,2,3   

  1. 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    2 Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    3 Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China;
    4 Department of Chemistry, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2025-12-23 Revised:2026-02-02 Accepted:2026-02-02
  • Contact: Xiaobai Wang, Yue Qi, Zhongfan Liu E-mail:xiaobai_wang@yeah.net;qiyue@bgi-graphene.com;zfliu@pku.edu.cn

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摘要： 航空发动机叶片在寒冷环境中服役时易发生结冰现象，不仅破坏叶片气动外形、降低发动机性能，更会威胁飞行安全。电热防/除冰技术凭借响应速度快、可控性强等优势，已成为解决该难题的高效可靠途径。然而，叶片异形曲面的复杂形貌对加热均匀性提出了严苛要求，传统电热器件的电极排布方式难以适配曲面形貌，导致加热区域温度分布不均。为此，本文基于蒙烯玻璃纤维导电织物，采用分区式设计，通过平行分割法将异形叶片划分为多个分区，并结合差异化面电阻调控策略，使各分区功率密度趋于一致，从而实现电流与温度的均匀分布。红外热成像结果表明，该分区电热器件可将叶片表面温差稳定控制在~10 °C以内，升温速率达~3.8 °C s-1，较传统镍铬合金电热材料提升~127倍。此外，蒙烯玻璃纤维织物与航空树脂体系具有良好的工艺兼容性，成型为复合材料后，可在保持结构完整性的前提下实现稳定均匀加热，为异形曲面的高效、均匀防/除冰提供了具备工程可行性的一体化解决方案。

关键词: 电热防/除冰, 蒙烯玻璃纤维织物, 异形结构, 分区设计, 加热均匀性, 复合材料

Abstract: Aero-engine blades are prone to icing in cold environments, which not only damages the aerodynamic shape of the blades and reduces engine performance, but also endangers flight safety. Electrothermal anti-/de-icing technology has become an efficient and reliable approach to solving this problem due to its advantages of fast response speed and high controllability. However, the complex morphology of the special-shaped curved surface of blades puts forward stringent requirements for heating uniformity. The electrode arrangement of traditional electrothermal systems cannot adapt to the curved surface morphology, leading to uneven temperature distribution in the heating area. To address this issue, this study proposes a zoned electrothermal device based on graphene-skinned glass fiber fabric, integrating parallel segmentation and differentiated sheet resistance regulation strategies. Specifically, the irregular blade is systematically divided into six approximately trapezoidal sub-zones and the sheet resistance of each sub-zone is precisely controlled, which compensates for the resistance variations caused by geometric differences between sub-zones and thereby achieves consistent power density across all zones. The prepared device exhibits excellent temperature uniformity, with a temperature difference within ~10 °C at an equilibrium temperature of ~83 °C, and a heating rate of 3.8 °C s-1, which is ~127 times higher than that of traditional nickel-chromium alloy electrothermal materials. In addition, the device features outstanding temperature tunability, with saturation temperatures adjustable from ~48 °C to ~125 °C by varying the input voltage. It also demonstrates reliable long-term usability, showing negligible temperature fluctuation after 1500 s of continuous heating or 500 heating cycles. Moreover, GGFF possesses remarkable process compatibility with aviation resin systems. After composite molding, the resistance only increases by ~3.2%. Benefiting from these superior electrothermal properties, the GGFF-based electrothermal system achieves a de-icing rate of 83 s mm-1 with an energy consumption of 0.023 kWh mm-1 m-2 under a low input power density of 1000 W m-2. In summary, this zoned device resolves uneven heating on irregular surfaces, offering flexibility, conformability, and structural-functional integration. It provides an engineering-feasible solution for efficient anti-/de-icing of aero-engine blades and other irregular aerospace structures, advancing practical applications in extreme cold environments.

Key words: Electrothermal anti-/de-icing, Graphene-skinned glass fiber fabric, Irregular structures, Zoned design, Heating uniformity, Composite materials