物理化学学报 >> 2024, Vol. 40 >> Issue (4): 2305019.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202305019

所属专题: 多物理场能源催化转化

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电催化两电子水氧化制备过氧化氢的研究进展

林柳1, 孙泽民1,*(), 陈华添1, 赵莲1, 孙明月1, 杨逸涛1, 廖振升1, 吴鑫宇1, 李欣欣2, 唐城2,*()   

  1. 1 北京师范大学文理学院, 先进材料研究中心, 广东 珠海 519087
    2 清华大学化学工程系, 绿色反应工程与工艺北京市重点实验室, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-09 修回日期:2023-06-05 录用日期:2023-06-07 发布日期:2023-06-14
  • 通讯作者: Email: zmsun@mail.bnu.edu.cn (孙泽民)cheng-net0@tsinghua.edu.cn (唐城)
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515010554)

Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Two-Electron Water Oxidation for Green H2O2 Production

Liu Lin1, Zemin Sun1,*(), Huatian Chen1, Lian Zhao1, Mingyue Sun1, Yitao Yang1, Zhensheng Liao1, Xinyu Wu1, Xinxin Li2, Cheng Tang2,*()   

  1. 1 Center for Advanced Materials Research, College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, Guangdong Province, China
    2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2023-05-09 Revised:2023-06-05 Accepted:2023-06-07 Published:2023-06-14
  • Contact: Email: zmsun@mail.bnu.edu.cn (Zemin Sun)cheng-net0@tsinghua.edu.cn (Cheng Tang)
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China(2023A1515010554)

摘要:

过氧化氢(H2O2)是一种环境友好的化学氧化剂,广泛应用于水处理、医疗消毒、化学合成等工业领域。电催化两电子水氧化反应(2e− WOR)是一种可以在温和条件下直接从水中生产H2O2的方法。然而,受限于反应机理认识和催化材料设计的不足,2e− WOR的催化选择性和活性仍然较低。本文综述了近年来通过2e− WOR反应路径电合成H2O2的研究进展,首先介绍了2e− WOR的催化机理和研究方法,强调了理论计算加速高选择性、高活性和高稳定性催化剂研究的作用,并讨论了电合成H2O2的不同定量方法和原位表征手段;然后详细总结了高性能2e− WOR电催化剂的调控策略,包括缺陷、掺杂、晶面和界面工程,同时指出了反应器创新设计的重要性;最后展望了电合成H2O2的研究挑战和机遇。

关键词: 水氧化反应, 过氧化氢, 催化剂设计, 催化机理, 理论研究

Abstract:

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an environmentally friendly oxidant that has been widely used in water treatment, medical disinfection, chemical synthesis, and other industrial applications. However, traditional methods used to produce H2O2 consume significant amounts of energy and generate hazardous by-products, which limit their scope. On-site and on-demand electrocatalytic two-electron water oxidation chemistry is an attractive option for directly producing H2O2 from water; it also avoids the hazardous anthraquinone method, has fewer transportation costs and risks, and is integratable with renewable electricity. Despite these advantages, the two-electron water oxidation reaction (2e– WOR) still suffers from poor selectivity and activity due to a lack of mechanistic, material-design, and reactor-engineering understanding. This study summarizes recent advances in H2O2 electrosynthesis technology using the 2e– WOR. The catalytic 2e– WOR mechanism is first introduced with a focus on selectivity, activity, and stability. This reaction involves the electrocatalytic oxidation of water to produce H2O2, which can be further oxidized to O2. Selectivity is influenced by a variety of factors, including the electrocatalyst, pH, and electrolyte. Various quantitative H2O2 methods are discussed along with in situ characterization studies into the 2e– WOR aimed at better understanding the reaction process. Such methods include in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and in situ Raman spectroscopy. Researchers are able to identify reaction intermediates and understand reaction mechanisms better using these techniques, thereby providing guidance for the design of more efficient electrocatalysts. In turn, various strategies for preparing high-performance electrocatalysts are summarized, including defect, doping, facet, and interfacial engineering methods. Mechanism-guided multiscale materials engineering can improve the activities and selectivities of electrocatalysts, thereby increasing H2O2 yields. In addition, device-level engineering, especially in relation to reactor and system innovations, is emphasized, which is important for improving reaction efficiency and reducing the cost of the 2e– WOR. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities in the 2e– WOR H2O2 electrosynthesis field are discussed. More effort directed at improving reaction selectivity, activity, and durability is required, along with exploring suitable application scenarios. The 2e– WOR is expected to become a more sustainable and efficient method for producing H2O2 facilitated by continuing progress in the materials science and electrochemical technology fields.

Key words: Water oxidation reaction, Hydrogen peroxide, Catalyst design, Electrochemical mechanism, Theoretical study