物理化学学报 >> 2025, Vol. 41 >> Issue (9): 100111.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100111

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羟基物种在过渡金属表面碱性析氢反应中的作用

段睿智1,2, 王小梅1,3, 周潘旺2, 刘扬2, 李灿1,2,*()   

  1. 1 甘肃省先进催化重点实验室, 兰州大学化学化工学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000
    2 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础国家重点实验室, 大连清洁能源国家实验室, 辽宁 大连 116023
    3 兰州交通大学材料科学与工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-26 修回日期:2025-05-16 录用日期:2025-06-02 发布日期:2025-07-04
  • 通讯作者: Email: canli@dicp.ac.cn; Tel.: +86-411-84379070 (李灿)
  • 基金资助:
    人工光合作用基础研究中心(FReCAP); 国家重点研发计划(2021YFB4000300); 国家自然科学基金(22102065); 国家自然科学基金(22088102); 国家自然科学基金(22372162); 甘肃省自然科学青年基金(24JRRA281)

The role of hydroxyl species in the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction over transition metal surfaces

Ruizhi Duan1,2, Xiaomei Wang1,3, Panwang Zhou2, Yang Liu2, Can Li1,2,*()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis, Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
    3 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
  • Received:2025-03-26 Revised:2025-05-16 Accepted:2025-06-02 Published:2025-07-04
  • Contact: Email: canli@dicp.ac.cn; Tel.: +86-411-84379070 (Can Li)
  • Supported by:
    the Fundamental Research Centre of Artificial Photosynthesis(FReCAP); the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB4000300); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22102065); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22088102); the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22372162); the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province for Youth project, China(24JRRA281)

摘要:

理解过渡金属催化剂上碱性析氢反应(HER)的活性决定因素对于利用可再生能源进行水电解至关重要。然而,这一问题仍然存在重大挑战。尽管已有研究提出羟基吸附会影响碱性HER性能,但其具体的作用机制和定量关系仍不明确。在此,我们利用密度泛函理论(DFT)计算系统地研究了十种过渡金属表面上的碱性HER过程,揭示了羟基吸附在路径选择和调控反应能垒中的关键作用。然而,仅凭羟基吸附能无法完全解释某些催化剂(尤其是Pt)的异常活性。为了解决这一问题,我们引入了一个多参数耦合描述符(ECS),该描述符整合了电子占据情况(E)、羟基吸附构型(C)和催化剂表面晶体学特征(S),从而实现对碱性氢析出催化活性的定性评估。该描述符成功解释了过渡金属催化剂表面的活性趋势,并与包括单原子合金(SAA)催化剂在内的超过10种实验数据对比中表现出良好的关联性,表明其普适性和应用于更广泛的催化体系的潜力。我们的研究突破传统单参数描述符的局限性,构建了一种基于羟基关键物种的碱性氢析出反应活性描述符,并为推动高性能碱性HER催化剂的开发提供了基础框架。

关键词: 碱性水分解, 羟基物种, 电催化, 过渡金属催化剂, 构效关系

Abstract:

Understanding the activity-determining factors governing the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on transition metal catalysts is indispensable for water electrolysis with renewable energy. However, it remains a critical challenge. Although hydroxyl adsorption has been proposed to influence alkaline HER performance, its exact mechanistic role and quantitative correlations remain elusive. Here, we systematically investigate the alkaline HER on ten transition metal surfaces using density functional theory (DFT), revealing that hydroxyl adsorption critically modulates both pathway selection and reaction energy barrier. However, hydroxyl adsorption energy alone cannot fully explain the anomalous activity of certain catalysts, especially Pt. To address this, we introduce a multi-parameter coupled descriptor (ECS) that integrates electron occupancy (E), adsorption configuration (C), and surface crystallographic (S), enabling a qualitative evaluation of catalytic activity. This descriptor successfully elucidates previously unexplained activity trends and demonstrates a good correlation with over 10 experimental datasets, including those involving single-atom alloy (SAA) catalysts, indicating its robustness beyond pure metals. Our findings provide a descriptor based on the key species of hydroxyl for rational catalyst design and screening, and offer a fundamental framework for advancing the development of high-performance alkaline HER catalysts.

Key words: Alkaline water splitting, Hydroxyl species, Electrocatalysis, Transition metal catalysts, Structure-activity relationship