具有“钢筋混凝土”结构和优异电磁波吸收性能的Fe3O4/Ti3C2Tx MXene/CF@PANI复合材料

doi:10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100248

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Ti₃C₂T_x MXene作为高效电磁波吸波剂(EWA)的应用受到其高反射率、低吸收率和较差的机械强度的阻碍。受结构工程的启发，我们提出一种异质组装策略，构建了一种新型的“钢筋混凝土”结构Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI复合材料(CPFT)。通过多尺度结构设计与界面调控，实现了力学增强与电磁功能的集成。原位聚合CF@PANI的芯-壳结构既作为增强骨架又充当导电桥梁，提升了机械稳定性和传导损耗能力。与此同时，在聚多巴胺的作用下，Fe₃O₄在Ti₃C₂T_x MXene层间及表面原位生长，形成类似混凝土基体结构。各组分通过静电与氢键相互作用自组装，形成具有优异界面相容性的异质结构。这一结构显著促进了界面电荷积累与多重极化效应，优化了阻抗匹配特性，延长了电磁波在材料内的传播与耗散路径，实现了介电损耗与磁损耗的高效协同作用。因此，在厚度仅为1.5 mm时，CPFT-0.75在13.76 GHz处取得最小反射损耗-37.34 dB，并获得3.28 GHz的有效吸收带宽。此外，CPFT-1.0具有良好的机械性能，测得杨氏模量为20.8 MPa，拉伸强度3.63 MPa，断裂伸长率10.98%。本研究通过将磁性材料、导电材料与二维纳米材料整合于分级结构中，提出了一种新型MXene基功能材料，实现了电磁波吸收性能和力学性能上的双重提升。

关键词: Ti₃C₂T_x MXene, 电磁波吸收, 表面-界面效应, 微结构设计, 力学性能

Abstract:

Ti₃C₂T_x MXene's application as an efficient electromagnetic wave absorber (EWA) is hindered by its high reflection, low absorption, and poor mechanical strength. Inspired by structural engineering, we propose a heterogeneous assembly strategy to construct a novel 'reinforced concrete' structured Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI (CPFT) composite. Through multi-scale structural design and interface regulation, the integration of mechanical enhancement and electromagnetic functionality has been achieved. The in-situ polymerized CF@PANI core-shell unit acts as both a reinforcing skeleton and a conductive bridge, enhancing mechanical stability and conductive loss. Simultaneously, mediated by polydopamine, Fe₃O₄ grows in-situ between the interlayers and on the surface of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene, forming a concrete-like matrix. The components self-assemble through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions, resulting in a heterostructure with excellent interfacial compatibility. This significantly promotes interfacial charge accumulation and multiple polarization effects, optimizes impedance matching, extends the propagation and dissipation path of electromagnetic waves within the material, and achieves effective synergy between dielectric and magnetic losses. As a result, at 13.76 GHz, the CPFT-0.75 exhibits a minimum reflection loss of -37.34 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.28 GHz at a thickness of only 1.5 mm. Additionally, the CPFT-1.0 possesses good mechanical properties, with a measured Young's modulus of 20.8 MPa, tensile strength of 3.63 MPa, and elongation at break of 10.98%. This study presents a novel MXene-based functional material design through the integration of magnetic, conductive, and 2D nanomaterials within a hierarchical architecture that delivers a dual enhancement in both EWA and mechanical performance.

Key words: Ti₃C₂T_x MXene, Electromagnetic wave absorption, Surface-interface effect, Micro-structure design, Mechanical property

翟钰琦, 刘梦竹, 胡峻豪, 王永鹏. 具有“钢筋混凝土”结构和优异电磁波吸收性能的Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI复合材料[J]. 物理化学学报, 2026, 42(10), 100248. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100248

Yuqi Zhai, Mengzhu Liu, Junhao Hu, Yongpeng Wang. Strengthening of Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI composites with 'reinforced concrete' structure and high electromagnetic wave absorption performance[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2026, 42(10), 100248. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100248

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100248

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V42/I10/100248

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Sample	Young modulus (MPa)	Yield Strength (MPa)	Tensile Strength (MPa)	Elongation at Break (%)
Ti₃C₂T_x	–	–	–	–
Fe₃O₄/PDA/Ti₃C₂T_x	–	–	–	–
CPFT-0.5	6.4	2.71	2.43	11.78
CPFT-0.75	15.8	2.93	2.76	11.48
CPFT-1.0	20.8	4.76	3.63	10.98

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具有“钢筋混凝土”结构和优异电磁波吸收性能的Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI复合材料

Strengthening of Fe₃O₄/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/CF@PANI composites with 'reinforced concrete' structure and high electromagnetic wave absorption performance

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