氟碳门控-多级异质界面协同驱动复合泡沫全X波段微波吸收

doi:10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100405

物理化学学报 >> 2026, Vol. 42 >> Issue (11): 100405.doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100405

论文上一篇

氟碳门控-多级异质界面协同驱动复合泡沫全X波段微波吸收

王骏^1,2, 李欣星¹, 王奕博¹, 穆亚飞¹, 果小明¹, 兰笛^1,2, 王大双¹, 李海丰^1,2

1 湖北汽车工业学院汽车材料学院, 湖北十堰 442002;
2 湖北汽车工业学院储能与动力电池湖北省重点实验室, 湖北十堰 442002

收稿日期:2026-06-30 修回日期:2026-08-19 录用日期:2026-08-23 发布日期:2026-09-29
通讯作者: 王大双, 李海丰 E-mail:wangdashuang@cqu.edu.cn;lhf0719@163.com
基金资助:
本研究获得湖北省自然科学基金(2024AFB460)，十堰市电磁感应与节能技术重点实验室开放基金项目(SYZDK22024A04)以及湖北汽车工业学院博士科研启动基金(BK202304)的资助。作者感谢湖北汽车工业学院分析测试中心提供的支持。

Fluorocarbon-gated multilevel heterointerfaces synergistically drive full X-band microwave absorption in composite foams

Jun Wang^1,2, Xinxing Li¹, Yibo Wang¹, Yafei Mu¹, Xiaoming Guo¹, Di Lan^1,2, Dashuang Wang¹, Haifeng Li^1,2

1 School of Automotive Materials, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, Hubei Province, China;
2 Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, Hubei Province, China

Received:2026-06-30 Revised:2026-08-19 Accepted:2026-08-23 Published:2026-09-29
Contact: Dashuang Wang, Haifeng Li E-mail:wangdashuang@cqu.edu.cn;lhf0719@163.com

1. ACTPHY-D-26-00465-SI.pdf(1757KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在通信和雷达隐身应用中，微波吸收材料亟需在有限厚度下实现高效衰减与稳定运行。然而，连续导电网络或高含量损耗相虽然能够增强电磁衰减，却容易因表面介电响应过高而导致阻抗失配；而单纯采用低极性聚合物进行包覆，又可能削弱内部活性界面，从而难以兼顾电磁波入射与能量转化。针对这一问题，本研究提出一种“氟碳门控-埋藏界面耗散”策略，构筑了由聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene，PTFE)/聚乙烯醇(poly(vinyl alcohol)，PVA)基体、短切碳纤维(carbon fibers，CFs)和氧化钴微区(CoO_x)组成的多孔复合泡沫，以下简称PPCFCs。通过在酸化短切碳纤维表面固定Co²⁺前驱体、PTFE/PVA发泡以及N₂/空气分步热重构，所得复合材料形成了富氟表面组成，以及内部嵌有局部分散CoO_x/CFs相关纳米晶微区的低有序碳质基体。氟碳表面有助于缓解空气/材料界面处的阻抗突变并降低液相润湿，而多孔骨架则能够延长电磁波的传播路径。在材料内部，非贯通的CFs微电流单元与CoO_x纳米微区协同诱导受限电荷迁移、多级极化弛豫及辅助磁响应。最优样品PPCFC-3在厚度为2.8 mm时获得-52.61 dB的最小反射损耗，并在厚度为3.4 mm时实现X波段的有效覆盖。同时，该材料表现出较高的表观疏水性，并能够有效阻滞腐蚀介质的渗入。本研究通过表面阻抗调控和内部界面耗散的协同效应，为优化多孔微波吸收材料提供了一种空间分区设计方法。

关键词: 氟碳门控, 埋藏异质界面, 极化弛豫, 微波吸收

Abstract: For communication and radar stealth applications, microwave absorbing materials urgently need to achieve efficient attenuation and stable operation within limited thickness. However, while continuous conductive networks or high-load loss phases can enhance attenuation, they are prone to impedance mismatch due to excessively high surface dielectric response; simply using low-polarity polymers for coverage may weaken the internal active interface, making it difficult to coordinate wave entry and energy conversion. To address this, we propose a “fluorocarbon-gating-buried-interface dissipation” strategy to construct polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based porous composite foams containing short carbon fibers (CFs) and cobalt oxide (CoO_x) domains, hereafter denoted PPCFCs. Following the immobilization of Co²⁺ precursors on acidified short carbon fibers, PTFE/PVA foaming, and N₂/air stepwise thermal reconstruction, the resulting composite exhibits an F-rich surface composition and a low-order carbonaceous matrix containing embedded, locally dispersed CoO_x/CFs-related nanocrystalline domains. The fluorocarbon surface helps mitigate impedance abrupt changes at the air/material interface and reduces liquid-phase wetting, while the porous framework extends the propagation path. Internally, non-penetrating CFs microcurrent units and CoO_x nanodomains synergistically induce confined charge migration, multi-level polarization relaxation, and auxiliary magnetic response. The optimal PPCFC-3 achieves a minimum reflection loss of -52.61 dB at 2.8 mm and effective X-band coverage at 3.4 mm. Simultaneously, this material exhibits high apparent hydrophobicity and effective barrier against corrosive media penetration. This study provides a spatial partitioning design approach for optimizing porous microwave absorbing materials through the synergistic effect of surface impedance tuning and internal interface dissipation.

Key words: Fluorocarbon gating, Buried heterointerfaces, Polarization relaxation, Microwave absorption

王骏, 李欣星, 王奕博, 穆亚飞, 果小明, 兰笛, 王大双, 李海丰. 氟碳门控-多级异质界面协同驱动复合泡沫全X波段微波吸收[J]. 物理化学学报, 2026, 42(11), 100405. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100405

Jun Wang, Xinxing Li, Yibo Wang, Yafei Mu, Xiaoming Guo, Di Lan, Dashuang Wang, Haifeng Li. Fluorocarbon-gated multilevel heterointerfaces synergistically drive full X-band microwave absorption in composite foams[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2026, 42(11), 100405. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100405

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100405

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V42/I11/100405

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氟碳门控-多级异质界面协同驱动复合泡沫全X波段微波吸收

Fluorocarbon-gated multilevel heterointerfaces synergistically drive full X-band microwave absorption in composite foams

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