物理化学学报

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用于亚波长电磁防护的三元异质结构

姜雪雯1, 邹瑞婷1, 李梦茹1, 郝江涛1, 丁起超1, 袁醒来1, 朱艳秋2, 兰笛3, 王海龙1, 张锐1, 牛欢欢4, 范冰冰1,2   

  1. 1 郑州大学材料科学与工程学院, 河南 郑州 450001;
    2 Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK;
    3 湖北汽车工业学院材料科学与工程学院, 湖北 十堰 442002;
    4 同济大学材料科学与工程学院, 上海 201804
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-15 修回日期:2026-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 牛欢欢, 范冰冰 E-mail:huanhuan1573810@163.com;fanbingbing@zzu.edu.cn

Ternary heterostructures for sub-wavelength electromagnetic protection

Xuewen Jiang1, Ruiting Zhou1, Mengru Li1, Jiangtao Hao1, Qichao Ding1, Xinglai Yuan1, Yanqiu Zhu2, Di Lan3, Hailong Wang1, Rui Zhang1, Huanhuan Niu4, Bingbing Fan1,2   

  1. 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China;
    2 Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK;
    3 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, Hubei Province, China;
    4 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
  • Received:2026-06-15 Revised:2026-07-29
  • Contact: Huanhuan Niu, Bingbing Fan E-mail:huanhuan1573810@163.com;fanbingbing@zzu.edu.cn

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摘要： 高导电性引发的阻抗失配问题，使得电磁波难以有效进入吸收体内部，这一问题长期以来制约着高性能MXene基吸收材料的发展。本文通过组分优化策略解决了这一根本性限制，构建了分层结构的SiO2@MoS2@MXene异质结构，在低厚度下实现了卓越的电磁波吸收性能。通过调控界面极化和导电网络以协调互补损耗机制，所开发的材料在2.1 mm厚度下反射损耗达-67.14 dB，在1.4 mm厚度下有效吸收带宽为4.4 GHz。分析表明，SiO2@MoS2@MXene三元体系实现了协同能量耗散：介电共振(SiO2核)、偶极极化(MoS2中间层)和导电损耗(MXene壳层)。这项工作不仅解决了MXene基材料长期存在的挑战，还为超薄电磁防护的超材料建立了通用设计原则。

关键词: SiO2@MoS2@MXene, 阻抗匹配, 组分优化, 电磁波吸收

Abstract: The impedance mismatch paradox where high conductivity prevents electromagnetic wave (EMW) from entering absorber has long constrained the development of high-performance MXene-based absorbers. Here we resolve this fundamental limitation by employing a composition optimization strategy, which enables the construction of a hierarchical SiO2@MoS2@MXene heterostructure that delivers remarkable EMW absorption performance at a low thickness. By precisely tuning the interfacial polarization and conductive networks to orchestrate complementary loss mechanisms, the developed material exhibits a reflection loss of -67.14 dB at 2.1 mm with an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.4 GHz at 1.4 mm. In-situ impedance analysis reveals that the SiO2@MoS2@MXene ternary system enables synergistic energy dissipation: dielectric resonance (SiO2 core), dipole polarization (MoS2 interlayer), and conductive loss (MXene shell). This work not only resolves a long-standing challenge for MXene-based materials but also establishes a universal design principle for metamaterials requiring ultra-thin electromagnetic protection.

Key words: SiO2@MoS2@MXene, Impedance matching, Component optimization, Electromagnetic wave absorption