拉曼光谱在燃料电池领域的应用

doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB202004052

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着社会经济的快速发展，环境污染与能源短缺逐渐成为人们必须面对的热点问题。为实现人类社会的可持续发展，开发环境友好新型清洁能源技术成为二十一世纪的迫切任务。其中，燃料电池被认为是最具发展潜力的新型清洁能源技术之一。拉曼光谱作为一种无损的指纹识别的分子光谱技术，适用于燃料电池材料的研究，尤其是表面增强拉曼光谱技术(SERS)和壳层隔绝表面增强拉曼光谱技术(SHINERS)的发展，为研究燃料电池中反应的痕量中间物种，理解燃料电池实际反应机理提供了一种非常好的原位光谱实验平台，有助于合理设计更高效的催化剂及电极材料。本文主要对拉曼光谱以及SERS和SHINERS在燃料电池领域从电池材料层面和电极表面分子反应层面的应用及其发展前景进行相关讨论。

关键词: 燃料电池, 拉曼光谱, 表面增强拉曼光谱, 壳层隔绝表面增强拉曼光谱

Abstract:

Recently, the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortages arise along with the rapid development of the economy, and gradually becoming significant challenges faced by society. To realize truly sustainable development, novel environment-friendly clean energy technologies need to be developed. The fuel cell is a chemical device that can directly convert the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy via an electrochemical reaction. The electrochemical reaction is usually clean and complete, and rarely produces harmful substances. Therefore, fuel cells are considered to be one of the most promising clean energy technologies. Fuel cells can be classified based on their electrolytes: alkaline fuel cells (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), and proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Although there have been many studies regarding the materials and reactions of fuel cells, direct spectroscopic evidence to understand the reaction mechanisms in the electrodes is lacking. Raman spectroscopy, as a non-destructive molecular spectroscopy technique with ultra-high sensitivity, is suitable for studying fuel cell materials. Over the past decade, the development of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) has overcome the material and morphology limitations of traditional Raman spectroscopy. The extraordinary progress in SHINERS has enabled researchers to acquire high-quality Raman spectra for many types of materials instead of only on the surface of noble metals such as Au, Ag, and Cu. This strategy can also be applied to trace intermediate reactants on electrodes to fully understand the reaction mechanism of the fuel cell. Although many kinds of characterization methods including X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) also exhibit excellent sensitivity for studying electrode reactions, they require material pretreatments and long-duration experiments. Compared with the abovementioned methods, SERS and SHINERS show better performance for in situ experiments, which will aid in the rational design of catalysts and electrode materials with higher efficiency. This article provides an overview of the basic concepts of fuel cells, as well as SERS and SHINERS. In addition, the application of Raman spectroscopy, SERS, and SHINERS in fuel cell development is discussed along with future prospects.

Key words: Fuel cell, Raman spectroscopy, Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy

张月皎, 朱越洲, 李剑锋. 拉曼光谱在燃料电池领域的应用[J]. 物理化学学报, 2021, 37(9), 2004052. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202004052

Yue-Jiao Zhang, Yue-Zhou Zhu, Jian-Feng Li. Application of Raman Spectroscopy in Fuel Cell[J]. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2021, 37(9), 2004052. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202004052

链接本文: https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.3866/PKU.WHXB202004052

https://www.whxb.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V37/I9/2004052

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