物理化学学报 >> 2021, Vol. 37 >> Issue (8): 2010010.doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010010

所属专题: 二维光催化材料

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二维光催化材料电子结构和性能调控策略研究进展

陈鹏1,2, 周莹1, 董帆1,2,*()   

  1. 1 西南石油大学新能源与材料学院,成都 610500
    2 电子科技大学基础与前沿研究院环境与能源催化研究中心,成都 611731
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-08 录用日期:2020-11-10 发布日期:2020-11-17
  • 通讯作者: 董帆 E-mail:dfctbu@126.com; dongfan@uestc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:董帆,电子科技大学基础与前沿研究院教授、博士生导师。于2010年在浙江大学获得博士学位。现为国家青年拔尖人才,国家优秀青年科学基金获得者,国务院特殊津贴专家。主要研究方向包括环境与能源催化材料、空气污染控制技术和催化材料模拟计算等
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21822601);国家自然科学基金(21777011)

Advances in Regulation Strategies for Electronic Structure and Performance of Two-Dimensional Photocatalytic Materials

Peng Chen1,2, Ying Zhou1, Fan Dong1,2,*()   

  1. 1 School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
    2 Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
  • Received:2020-10-08 Accepted:2020-11-10 Published:2020-11-17
  • Contact: Fan Dong E-mail:dfctbu@126.com; dongfan@uestc.edu.cn
  • About author:Fan Dong, Email: dfctbu@126.com; dongfan@uestc.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21822601);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21777011)

摘要:

二维光催化材料具有丰富的表面活性位点、独特的几何结构、可调的电子结构和良好的光催化活性,在环境净化和能源转化等领域具有潜在的应用价值。鉴于此,二维光催化材料的合成方法和性能调控策略得到了快速发展。以往的策略主要集中在形貌和几何结构特征的调节上,实际上并不能完全满足高效稳定的光催化剂的设计需求。通过表面设计构建丰富的活性位点和调整电子结构,可以提高光催化性能及其稳定性。本文从光吸收、电荷分离和活性位点三个方面综述了二维光催化材料的表面设计和电子结构调控策略的研究进展,包括元素掺杂、异质结设计、缺陷构造、单原子修饰、等离子体金属负载等方法,总结了电子结构调控对二维光催化材料净化典型空气污染物反应机理的影响机制。最后,对二维光催化材料研究中存在的问题和挑战进行了分析和展望。

关键词: 二维光催化材料, 表面设计, 电子结构, 反应机理, 活性位点

Abstract:

Two-dimensional photocatalytic materials have potential applications in the fields of environmental purification and energy conversion owing to their rich surface active sites, unique geometric structures, adjustable electronic structures, and good photocatalytic activities. At present, the main two-dimensional photocatalytic materials include metal oxides, metal composite oxides, metal hydroxides, metal sulfides, bismuth-based materials, and non-metallic photocatalytic materials. The absorption of photons in bulk materials or nanoparticles is often limited by the transmittance and reflection at the grain boundary, while the two-dimensional structure can provide a large specific surface area and abundant surface low-coordination atoms to obtain more UV visible light. In addition, the smaller atomic thickness of two-dimensional photocatalytic materials can shorten the carrier migration distance. Thus, in two-dimensional photocatalytic materials, the carriers generated in the interior migrate to the surface faster than that in the bulk materials, which can reduce the recombination of photogenerated carriers and facilitate the photocatalytic reaction. For the surface redox reaction, the two-dimensional structure can provide more abundant surface-active sites to accelerate the reaction process. Additionally, when the thickness is reduced to the atomic scale, the escape energy of atoms is relatively small, thereby increasing the surface defects, which is helpful for the adsorption and activation of target molecules. Thus, the synthesis methods and performance enhancement strategies of two-dimensional photocatalytic materials have been developed rapidly. The former strategies mainly focus on the adjustment of morphology and geometric structure characteristics, which cannot fully meet the design requirements of efficient and stable photocatalysts. The photocatalytic performance and stability can be improved by surface design to construct abundant active sites and adjust the electronic structure. Research on the reaction mechanism of photocatalysis can help us understand the demand for photocatalytic structure characteristics in different reactions, thereby guiding the design of photocatalysts. In this paper, the advances in surface design and electronic structure regulation strategies of two-dimensional photocatalytic materials are reviewed from three aspects: light absorption; charge separation; and active sites, including element doping, heterojunction design, defect construction, single atom modification, and plasmonic metal loading. The effects on the reaction mechanism for typical air pollutant purification by regulating the electronic structure of two-dimensional photocatalytic materials are summarized. Finally, the problems and challenges associated with the development of two-dimensional photocatalytic materials are analyzed and discussed.

Key words: Two dimensional photocatalytic materials, Surface design, Electronic structure, Reaction mechanism, Active sites